The sensitivity of a honeybee colony to worker mortality depends on season and resource availability.

IF 3.4 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences BMC Evolutionary Biology Pub Date : 2020-10-29 DOI:10.1186/s12862-020-01706-4
Natalie J Lemanski, Siddhant Bansal, Nina H Fefferman
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引用次数: 6

Abstract

Background: Honeybees have extraordinary phenotypic plasticity in their senescence rate, making them a fascinating model system for the evolution of aging. Seasonal variation in senescence and extrinsic mortality results in a tenfold increase in worker life expectancy in winter as compared to summer. To understand the evolution of this remarkable pattern of aging, we must understand how individual longevity scales up to effects on the entire colony. In addition, threats to the health of honey bees and other social insects are typically measured at the individual level. To predict the effects of environmental change on social insect populations, we must understand how individual effects impact colony performance. We develop a matrix model of colony demographics to ask how worker age-dependent and age-independent mortality affect colony fitness and how these effects differ by seasonal conditions.

Results: We find that there are seasonal differences in honeybee colony elasticity to both senescent and extrinsic worker mortality. Colonies are most elastic to extrinsic (age-independent) nurse and forager mortality during periods of higher extrinsic mortality and resource availability but most elastic to age-dependent mortality during periods of lower extrinsic mortality and lower resource availability.

Conclusions: These results suggest that seasonal changes in the strength of selection on worker senescence partly explain the observed pattern of seasonal differences in worker aging in honey bees. More broadly, these results extend our understanding of the role of extrinsic mortality in the evolution of senescence to social animals and improve our ability to model the effects of environmental change on social insect populations of economic or conservation concern.

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蜂群对工蜂死亡率的敏感性取决于季节和资源的可用性。
背景:蜜蜂的衰老速度具有非凡的表型可塑性,使其成为衰老进化的一个迷人的模型系统。衰老和外在死亡率的季节性变化导致冬季工人的预期寿命比夏季增加十倍。为了理解这种显著的衰老模式的演变,我们必须了解个体寿命如何扩大到对整个群体的影响。此外,对蜜蜂和其他群居昆虫健康的威胁通常是在个体水平上衡量的。为了预测环境变化对群居昆虫种群的影响,我们必须了解个体效应如何影响群体性能。我们开发了一个蜂群人口统计的矩阵模型,以询问工人年龄依赖和年龄独立的死亡率如何影响蜂群适应性,以及这些影响如何因季节条件而异。结果:我们发现蜂群弹性对衰老和外来工蜂死亡率都存在季节性差异。在外在死亡率和资源可用性较高的时期,菌落对外在(与年龄无关的)看护和觅食者死亡率的弹性最大,但在外在死亡率较低和资源可用性较低的时期,对年龄相关的死亡率的弹性最大。结论:这些结果表明,选择强度的季节性变化在一定程度上解释了蜜蜂工蜂衰老的季节性差异模式。更广泛地说,这些结果扩展了我们对外在死亡在社会性动物衰老进化中的作用的理解,并提高了我们模拟环境变化对经济或保护关注的社会性昆虫种群的影响的能力。
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来源期刊
BMC Evolutionary Biology
BMC Evolutionary Biology 生物-进化生物学
CiteScore
5.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: BMC Evolutionary Biology is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of molecular and non-molecular evolution of all organisms, as well as phylogenetics and palaeontology.
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