Sex Differences in Respiratory Viral Pathogenesis and Treatments.

IF 8.1 1区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY Annual Review of Virology Pub Date : 2021-09-29 Epub Date: 2021-06-03 DOI:10.1146/annurev-virology-091919-092720
Rebecca L Ursin, Sabra L Klein
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引用次数: 29

Abstract

Biological sex affects the outcome of diverse respiratory viral infections. The pathogenesis of respiratory infections caused by viruses ranging from respiratory syncytial virus to influenza viruses and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 differs between the sexes across the life course. Generally, males are more susceptible to severe outcomes from respiratory viral infections at younger and older ages. During reproductive years (i.e., after puberty and prior to menopause), females are often at greater risk than males for severe outcomes. Pregnancy and biological sex affect the pathogenesis of respiratory viral infections. In addition to sex differences in the pathogenesis of disease, there are consistent sex differences in responses to treatments, with females often developing greater immune responses but experiencing more adverse reactions than males. Animal models provide mechanistic insights into the causes of sex differences in respiratory virus pathogenesis and treatment outcomes, where available.

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呼吸道病毒发病机制及治疗的性别差异。
生理性别影响各种呼吸道病毒感染的结果。由呼吸道合胞病毒、流感病毒和严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2等病毒引起的呼吸道感染的发病机制在整个生命过程中因性别而异。一般来说,男性在年轻和年老时更容易受到呼吸道病毒感染的严重后果。在生育年龄(即青春期后和绝经前),女性往往比男性面临更大的严重后果风险。妊娠和生理性别影响呼吸道病毒感染的发病机制。除了疾病发病机制的性别差异外,对治疗的反应也存在一致的性别差异,女性往往产生更大的免疫反应,但经历的不良反应比男性更多。动物模型提供了对呼吸道病毒发病机制和治疗结果的性别差异原因的机制见解。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
19.40
自引率
0.90%
发文量
28
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Virology serves as a conduit for disseminating thrilling advancements in our comprehension of viruses spanning animals, plants, bacteria, archaea, fungi, and protozoa. Its reviews illuminate novel concepts and trajectories in basic virology, elucidating viral disease mechanisms, exploring virus-host interactions, and scrutinizing cellular and immune responses to virus infection. These reviews underscore the exceptional capacity of viruses as potent probes for investigating cellular function.
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