Histone methylation can either promote or reduce cellular radiosensitivity by regulating DNA repair pathways

IF 6.4 2区医学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Mutation Research-Reviews in Mutation Research Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.mrrev.2020.108362

Yuchuan Zhou, Chunlin Shao

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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Radiotherapy is one of the primary modalities for cancer treatment, and its efficiency usually relies on cellular radiosensitivity. DNA damage repair is a core content of cellular radiosensitivity, and the primary mechanism of which includes non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR). By affecting DNA damage repair, histone methylation regulated by histone methyltransferases (HMTs) and histone demethylases (HDMs) participates in the regulation of cellular radiosensitivity via three mechanisms: (a) recruiting DNA repair-related proteins, (b) regulating the expressions of DNA repair genes, and (c) mediating the dynamic change of chromatin. Interestingly, both aberrantly high and low levels of histone methylation could impede DNA repair processes. Here we reviewed the mechanisms of the dual effects of histone methylation on cell response to radiation. Since some inhibitors of HMTs and HDMs are reported to increase cellular radiosensitivity, understanding their molecular mechanisms may be helpful in developing new drugs for the therapy of radioresistant tumors.

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组蛋白甲基化可以通过调节DNA修复途径促进或降低细胞辐射敏感性

放射治疗是癌症治疗的主要方式之一，其有效性通常依赖于细胞放射敏感性。DNA损伤修复是细胞放射敏感性的核心内容，其主要机制包括非同源末端连接(non-homologous end-joining, NHEJ)和同源重组(homologous recombination, HR)。组蛋白甲基化由组蛋白甲基转移酶(hmt)和组蛋白去甲基化酶(HDMs)调控，通过三种机制参与细胞辐射敏感性的调节:募集DNA修复相关蛋白，调节DNA修复基因的表达，介导染色质的动态变化。有趣的是，组蛋白甲基化水平异常高或异常低都可能阻碍DNA修复过程。本文综述了组蛋白甲基化对细胞辐射反应的双重作用机制。由于一些hmt和HDMs抑制剂被报道会增加细胞的放射敏感性，了解它们的分子机制可能有助于开发治疗放射耐药肿瘤的新药。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Mutation Research-Reviews in Mutation Research 生物-毒理学

CiteScore

12.20

自引率

1.90%

发文量

审稿时长

15.7 weeks

期刊介绍： The subject areas of Reviews in Mutation Research encompass the entire spectrum of the science of mutation research and its applications, with particular emphasis on the relationship between mutation and disease. Thus this section will cover advances in human genome research (including evolving technologies for mutation detection and functional genomics) with applications in clinical genetics, gene therapy and health risk assessment for environmental agents of concern.