Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review for Pharmacists.

IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q2 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics Pub Date : 2021-11-01 Epub Date: 2021-06-30 DOI:10.1177/10742484211023715
Dhiren Patel, Robert Busch
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Abstract

Background: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. While use of statin therapy has improved management of lipids, an unmet need in reducing residual atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk and ischemic events persists. We provide an overview of the pharmacology of omega-3 fatty acids, omega-3 fatty acid cardiovascular outcomes trials, landmark clinical data and pharmacology of icosapent ethyl (a stable and highly purified ethyl ester of eicosapentaenoic acid), and the critical differences between fish oil supplements and prescription omega-3 fatty acids.

Method: A PubMed literature review was conducted in April 2020 to identify articles discussing omega-3 fatty acid cardiovascular outcomes trials, pharmacology of icosapent ethyl, and the evaluation of fish oil dietary supplements and prescription omega-3 fatty acids.

Results: Both eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid have been widely associated with positive health benefits; however, data are inconsistent regarding the benefit of combination eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in patients with cardiovascular disease. Eicosapentaenoic acid, and specifically icosapent ethyl, has demonstrated atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk reduction among statin-treated patients. Important clinical differences exist between dietary supplement and prescription omega-3 fatty acid products.

Conclusions: As research regarding the optimal management of dyslipidemia continues, additional therapy beyond statins is necessary to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk. In large cardiovascular outcomes trials, eicosapentaenoic acid has demonstrated cardiovascular benefit. Icosapent ethyl possesses a favorable efficacy and safety profile and should be considered as an adjunct to statin therapy to reduce ischemic event risk.

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欧米茄-3 脂肪酸与心血管疾病:为药剂师撰写的叙述性综述。
背景:动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病是全球发病率和死亡率的重要原因。虽然使用他汀类药物治疗改善了血脂管理,但降低动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病残留风险和缺血性事件的需求仍未得到满足。我们概述了欧米伽-3 脂肪酸的药理学、欧米伽-3 脂肪酸心血管结果试验、icosapent ethyl(一种稳定且高度纯化的二十碳五烯酸乙酯)的标志性临床数据和药理学,以及鱼油补充剂和处方欧米伽-3 脂肪酸之间的关键差异:2020年4月,我们对PubMed上的文献进行了检索,以确定讨论欧米伽-3脂肪酸心血管效果试验、二十碳五烯酸乙酯药理学以及鱼油膳食补充剂和处方欧米伽-3脂肪酸评估的文章:结果:二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸对健康的益处已得到广泛关注;但关于二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸对心血管疾病患者的益处,相关数据并不一致。二十碳五烯酸,特别是二十碳五烯酸乙酯,已证明可降低他汀类药物治疗患者的动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病风险。膳食补充剂和处方欧米伽-3 脂肪酸产品之间存在重要的临床差异:结论:随着有关血脂异常最佳治疗方法的研究不断深入,有必要在他汀类药物之外增加其他疗法,以降低动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的风险。在大型心血管成果试验中,二十碳五烯酸已证明对心血管有益。伊可新戊乙酯具有良好的疗效和安全性,应考虑作为他汀类药物治疗的辅助药物,以降低缺血性事件风险。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
33
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics (JCPT) is a peer-reviewed journal that publishes original basic human studies, animal studies, and bench research with potential clinical application to cardiovascular pharmacology and therapeutics. Experimental studies focus on translational research. This journal is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).
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