Microbial bioassays in environmental toxicity testing.

2区 生物学 Q1 Immunology and Microbiology Advances in applied microbiology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-04-20 DOI:10.1016/bs.aambs.2021.03.002
Cristina A Viegas
{"title":"Microbial bioassays in environmental toxicity testing.","authors":"Cristina A Viegas","doi":"10.1016/bs.aambs.2021.03.002","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accidental spills and the misuse of chemicals may lead to current and legacy environmental contamination and pose concerns over possible (eco)toxicological secondary effects and risks toward non-target microbes and higher eukaryotes, including humans, in ecosystems. In the last decades, scientists and regulators have faced requests to thoroughly screen, prioritize and predict the possible deleterious effects of the huge numbers of existing and emerging xenobiotics, wastewaters and environmental samples on biological systems. In this context, it has become necessary to develop and validate (eco)toxicity bioassays based on microorganisms (e.g., bacteria, microalga, yeast, filamentous fungi, protozoa) as test-organisms whose data should be meaningful for environmental (micro)organisms that may be exposed to contaminated environments. These generally simple, fast and cost-effective bioassays may be preliminary and complementary to the more complex and long-term whole-organism animal-based traditional ecotoxicity tests. With the goal of highlighting the potential offered by microbial-based bioassays as non-animal alternatives in (eco)toxicity testing, the present chapter provides an overview of the current state-of-the art in the development and use of microbial toxicity bioassays through the examination of relatively recent examples with a diverse range of toxicity endpoints. It goes into the (eco)toxicological relevance of these bioassays, ranging from the more traditional microalga- and bacterial-based assays already accepted at regulatory level and commercially available to the more innovative microbial transcriptional profiling and gene expression bioassays, including some examples of biosensors.</p>","PeriodicalId":7298,"journal":{"name":"Advances in applied microbiology","volume":"115 ","pages":"115-158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/bs.aambs.2021.03.002","citationCount":"8","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Advances in applied microbiology","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.aambs.2021.03.002","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2021/4/20 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"Immunology and Microbiology","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8

Abstract

Accidental spills and the misuse of chemicals may lead to current and legacy environmental contamination and pose concerns over possible (eco)toxicological secondary effects and risks toward non-target microbes and higher eukaryotes, including humans, in ecosystems. In the last decades, scientists and regulators have faced requests to thoroughly screen, prioritize and predict the possible deleterious effects of the huge numbers of existing and emerging xenobiotics, wastewaters and environmental samples on biological systems. In this context, it has become necessary to develop and validate (eco)toxicity bioassays based on microorganisms (e.g., bacteria, microalga, yeast, filamentous fungi, protozoa) as test-organisms whose data should be meaningful for environmental (micro)organisms that may be exposed to contaminated environments. These generally simple, fast and cost-effective bioassays may be preliminary and complementary to the more complex and long-term whole-organism animal-based traditional ecotoxicity tests. With the goal of highlighting the potential offered by microbial-based bioassays as non-animal alternatives in (eco)toxicity testing, the present chapter provides an overview of the current state-of-the art in the development and use of microbial toxicity bioassays through the examination of relatively recent examples with a diverse range of toxicity endpoints. It goes into the (eco)toxicological relevance of these bioassays, ranging from the more traditional microalga- and bacterial-based assays already accepted at regulatory level and commercially available to the more innovative microbial transcriptional profiling and gene expression bioassays, including some examples of biosensors.

查看原文
分享 分享
微信好友 朋友圈 QQ好友 复制链接
本刊更多论文
环境毒性试验中的微生物生物测定。
化学品的意外泄漏和滥用可能导致当前和遗留的环境污染,并引起对生态系统中非目标微生物和高级真核生物(包括人类)可能产生的(生态)毒理学次生效应和风险的关注。在过去的几十年里,科学家和监管机构面临着彻底筛选,优先考虑和预测大量现有和新兴的异种抗生素,废水和环境样品对生物系统可能产生的有害影响的要求。在这种情况下,有必要开发和验证基于微生物(如细菌、微藻、酵母、丝状真菌、原生动物)作为测试生物的(生态)毒性生物测定,其数据对于可能暴露于污染环境的环境(微生物)生物应该是有意义的。这些通常简单、快速和具有成本效益的生物测定可能是更复杂和长期的以动物为基础的传统生物体生态毒性试验的初步和补充。为了强调以微生物为基础的生物测定法作为(生态)毒性测试中非动物替代品的潜力,本章通过对具有不同毒性终点的相对较新的例子的检查,概述了微生物毒性生物测定法的发展和使用的最新技术。它探讨了这些生物分析的(生态)毒理学相关性,从更传统的微藻和细菌基础的分析已经在监管层面上被接受并商业化,到更创新的微生物转录谱分析和基因表达生物分析,包括一些生物传感器的例子。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 去求助
来源期刊
Advances in applied microbiology
Advances in applied microbiology 生物-生物工程与应用微生物
CiteScore
8.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
16
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Advances in Applied Microbiology offers intensive reviews of the latest techniques and discoveries in this rapidly moving field. The editors are recognized experts and the format is comprehensive and instructive. Published since 1959, Advances in Applied Microbiology continues to be one of the most widely read and authoritative review sources in microbiology. Recent areas covered include bacterial diversity in the human gut, protozoan grazing of freshwater biofilms, metals in yeast fermentation processes and the interpretation of host-pathogen dialogue through microarrays.
期刊最新文献
Stress response and adaptation mechanisms in Kluyveromyces marxianus. Selenium bioactive compounds produced by beneficial microbes. Development and applications of genome-scale metabolic network models. The infant gut microbiota as the cornerstone for future gastrointestinal health. Effects of gut bacteria and their metabolites on gut health of animals.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
已复制链接
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
×
扫码分享
扫码分享
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1