Neuro-Ophthalmological Manifestations in Children with Down Syndrome: Current Perspectives.

IF 3.1 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY Eye and Brain Pub Date : 2021-07-21 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI:10.2147/EB.S319817
Lavinia Postolache, Anne Monier, Sophie Lhoir
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Down syndrome, caused by an extra copy of all or part of chromosome 21, is the most prevalent intellectual disability of genetic origin. Among numerous comorbidities which are part of the phenotype of individuals with Down syndrome, ocular problems appear to be highly prevalent. Neuro-ophthalmological manifestations, such as ocular alignment and motility disturbances, amblyopia, hypoaccommodation or optic nerve abnormalities, and other organic ocular anomalies frequently reported in Down syndrome, may lead to an overall decrease in visual acuity. Although numerous studies have reported ocular anomalies related to Down syndrome, it remains challenging to determine the impact of each anomaly upon the decreased visual acuity, as most such individuals have more than one ocular problem. Even in children with Down syndrome and no apparent ocular defect, visual acuity has been found to be reduced compared with typically developing children. Pediatric ophthalmological examination is a critical component of a multidisciplinary approach to prevent and treat ocular complications and improve the visual outcome in children with Down syndrome. This narrative review aims to provide a better understanding of the neuro-ophthalmological manifestations and discuss the current ophthalmological management in children with Down syndrome.

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唐氏综合症儿童的神经-眼科表现:目前的观点。
唐氏综合症是由21号染色体的全部或部分额外拷贝引起的,是最普遍的遗传原因的智力残疾。在众多的共病中,这是唐氏综合症患者表型的一部分,眼部问题似乎非常普遍。神经眼科表现,如眼球排列和运动障碍、弱视、低调节或视神经异常,以及唐氏综合征中经常报道的其他器质性眼部异常,可能导致整体视力下降。尽管有大量研究报道了与唐氏综合症相关的眼部异常,但确定每种异常对视力下降的影响仍然具有挑战性,因为大多数此类个体都有不止一种眼部问题。即使在患有唐氏综合症且没有明显眼部缺陷的儿童中,与正常发育的儿童相比,视力也有所降低。儿童眼科检查是预防和治疗唐氏综合征儿童眼部并发症和改善视力结果的多学科方法的关键组成部分。本文旨在对唐氏综合征患儿的神经-眼科表现提供更好的理解,并讨论目前的眼科治疗。
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来源期刊
Eye and Brain
Eye and Brain OPHTHALMOLOGY-
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
2.30%
发文量
12
审稿时长
16 weeks
期刊介绍: Eye and Brain is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal focusing on basic research, clinical findings, and expert reviews in the field of visual science and neuro-ophthalmology. The journal’s unique focus is the link between two well-known visual centres, the eye and the brain, with an emphasis on the importance of such connections. All aspects of clinical and especially basic research on the visual system are addressed within the journal as well as significant future directions in vision research and therapeutic measures. This unique journal focuses on neurological aspects of vision – both physiological and pathological. The scope of the journal spans from the cornea to the associational visual cortex and all the visual centers in between. Topics range from basic biological mechanisms to therapeutic treatment, from simple organisms to humans, and utilizing techniques from molecular biology to behavior. The journal especially welcomes primary research articles or review papers that make the connection between the eye and the brain. Specific areas covered in the journal include: Physiology and pathophysiology of visual centers, Eye movement disorders and strabismus, Cellular, biochemical, and molecular features of the visual system, Structural and functional organization of the eye and of the visual cortex, Metabolic demands of the visual system, Diseases and disorders with neuro-ophthalmic manifestations, Clinical and experimental neuro-ophthalmology and visual system pathologies, Epidemiological studies.
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