Isabela Cristina Ramos Podboi, Sophie Stephenson, Leta Pilic, Catherine Anna-Marie Graham, Alexandra King, Yiannis Mavrommatis
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引用次数: 2
Abstract
Introduction: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a leading cause of global mortality with diet and genetics being considered amongst the most significant risk factors. Recently, studies have identified a single polymorphism of the TCF7L2 gene (rs7903146) as the most important genetic contributor. However, no studies have explored this factor in a healthy population and using glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), which is a reliable long-term indicator of glucose management. This study investigates the association of the genetic polymorphism rs7903146 and dietary intake with T2D risk in a population free of metabolic disease.
Methods: T2D risk was assessed using HbA1c plasma concentrations and dietary intake via a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire in 70 healthy participants.
Results: T allele carriers had higher HbA1c levels than the CC group (32.4 ± 7.2 mmol/mol vs. 30.3 ± 7.6 mmol/mol, p = 0.005). Multiple regression reported associations between diet, genotype and HbA1c levels accounting for 37.1% of the variance in HbA1c (adj. R2 = 0.371, p < 0.001). The following macronutrients, expressed as a median percentage of total energy intake (TEI) in the risk group, were positively associated with HbA1c concentration: carbohydrate (≥39% TEI, p < 0.005; 95% CI 0.030/0.130) protein (≥21% TEI, p < 0.005, 95% CI 0.034/0.141), monounsaturated (≥15% TEI p < 0.05, 95% CI 0.006/0.163) and saturated fatty acids (≥13% TEI; p < 0.05, 95% CI 0.036/0.188).
Conclusion: Carriers of the T allele showed significantly higher levels of HbA1c compared to non-carriers. Dietary intake affected T2D risk to a greater extent than genetic effects of TCF7L2rs7903146 genotype in a healthy population. The study focus on healthy individuals is beneficial due to the applicability of findings for T2D screening.
导言:2型糖尿病(T2D)是全球死亡的主要原因,饮食和遗传被认为是最重要的危险因素。最近,研究发现TCF7L2基因(rs7903146)的单一多态性是最重要的遗传因素。然而,没有研究在健康人群中探索这一因素,并使用糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c),这是一个可靠的血糖管理的长期指标。本研究在无代谢性疾病人群中调查遗传多态性rs7903146与饮食摄入与T2D风险的关系。方法:采用HbA1c血浆浓度和饮食摄入量,通过有效的食物频率问卷对70名健康参与者进行T2D风险评估。结果:T等位基因携带者HbA1c水平高于CC组(32.4±7.2 mmol/mol vs. 30.3±7.6 mmol/mol, p = 0.005)。多元回归报告饮食、基因型和HbA1c水平之间的相关性占HbA1c方差的37.1%(相对值R2 = 0.371, p < 0.001)。以下常量营养素(以风险组总能量摄入(TEI)的中位数百分比表示)与HbA1c浓度呈正相关:碳水化合物(TEI≥39%,p < 0.005;95% CI 0.030/0.130)蛋白质(≥21% TEI, p < 0.005, 95% CI 0.034/0.141)、单不饱和脂肪酸(≥15% TEI p < 0.05, 95% CI 0.006/0.163)和饱和脂肪酸(≥13% TEI;p < 0.05, 95% CI 0.036/0.188)。结论:T等位基因携带者的HbA1c水平明显高于非携带者。在健康人群中,饮食摄入对T2D风险的影响程度大于TCF7L2rs7903146基因型的遗传效应。关注健康个体的研究是有益的,因为研究结果适用于T2D筛查。
期刊介绍:
Lifestyle Genomics aims to provide a forum for highlighting new advances in the broad area of lifestyle-gene interactions and their influence on health and disease. The journal welcomes novel contributions that investigate how genetics may influence a person’s response to lifestyle factors, such as diet and nutrition, natural health products, physical activity, and sleep, amongst others. Additionally, contributions examining how lifestyle factors influence the expression/abundance of genes, proteins and metabolites in cell and animal models as well as in humans are also of interest. The journal will publish high-quality original research papers, brief research communications, reviews outlining timely advances in the field, and brief research methods pertaining to lifestyle genomics. It will also include a unique section under the heading “Market Place” presenting articles of companies active in the area of lifestyle genomics. Research articles will undergo rigorous scientific as well as statistical/bioinformatic review to ensure excellence.