Paraquat exposure of backpack sprayers in agricultural area in Thailand.

IF 3 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Human and Ecological Risk Assessment Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Epub Date: 2019-11-05 DOI:10.1080/10807039.2019.1684187

Pajaree Konthonbut, Pornpimol Kongtip, Noppanun Nankongnab, Mathuros Tipayamongkholgul, Witaya Yoosook, Susan Woskie

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引用次数: 15

Abstract

Thai agriculturists heavily used paraquat in agricultural areas to control weed and grasses. This study determined paraquat exposure among backpack sprayers in Thailand and identified determinants of occupational exposure. Breathing zone air and dermal samples were collected from 57 backpack sprayers while spraying. Spot urine samples were collected on the day before spraying, end of spraying event and the next day after spraying. The subjects were interviewed about general demographics, agricultural activities, pesticide application and personal protective equipment used while applying paraquat. Paraquat concentrations in urine samples, air samples and dermal samples were determined by HPLC with a fluorescence detector. The median IQR of urinary paraquat concentrations on the day before spraying, end of spraying event, the next day after spraying were 2.51 (0.81-5.59), 8.23 (3.3-13.73) and 3.48 (1.03-8.19) μg/g creatinine, respectively. Concentrations of air samples and total dermal exposures were 5.15 (2.28-10.12) μg/m³and 92.66 (34.37-1647.46) μg/hr, respectively. Use of battery powered backpack sprayer and standing upwind effectively reduced inhalation exposures. Wearing a long sleeve shirt, long pants, boots, latex gloves and balaclava could reduce paraquat concentration on dermal exposure among backpack sprayers.

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泰国农业地区背包式喷洒器的百草枯暴露。

泰国农学家在农业地区大量使用百草枯来控制杂草和草。本研究确定了泰国背包喷雾器中的百草枯暴露，并确定了职业暴露的决定因素。57个背包喷雾器在喷雾过程中采集呼吸区空气和皮肤样本。分别于喷施前一天、喷施结束和喷施后第二天采集现场尿样。对受试者进行了关于一般人口统计、农业活动、农药应用和使用百草枯时使用的个人防护装备的访谈。采用荧光检测器高效液相色谱法测定尿液、空气和皮肤样品中的百草枯浓度。喷施前一天、喷施结束、喷施次日尿中百草枯浓度IQR值中位数分别为2.51(0.81-5.59)、8.23(3.3-13.73)、3.48 (1.03-8.19)μg/g肌酐。空气样品和皮肤总暴露浓度分别为5.15(2.28 ~ 10.12)和92.66 (34.37 ~ 1647.46)μg/hr。使用电池供电的背包喷雾器和站在逆风有效地减少吸入暴露。穿着长袖衬衫、长裤、靴子、乳胶手套和巴拉克拉法帽可以减少背包喷雾器接触皮肤的百草枯浓度。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Human and Ecological Risk Assessment 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

9.60

自引率

2.30%

发文量

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Human and Ecological Risk Assessment provides a resource for professionals researching and assessing environmental hazards to both humans and ecological systems. The editors expect papers published to be original, of sound science, purposeful for risk analysis (assessment, communication, management) and related areas, well written (in English), and a contribution to the scientific literature. The journal''s emphasis is on publication of papers that contribute to improvements in human and ecological health. The journal is an international, fully peer-reviewed publication that publishes eight issues annually. The journal''s scope includes scientific and technical information and critical analysis in the following areas: -Quantitative Risk Assessment- Comparative Risk Assessment- Integrated Human & Ecological Risk Assessment- Risk Assessment Applications to Human & Ecosystems Health- Exposure Assessment- Environmental Fate Assessment- Multi-Media Assessment- Hazard Assessment- Environmental Epidemiology- Statistical Models and Methods- Methods Development/Improvement- Toxicokinetics Modeling- Animal to Human Extrapolation- Risk Perception/Communication- Risk Management- Regulatory Issues