"I would not wait for them to commit crime": Cesare Lombroso's criminal anthropology in Croatia.

IF 1.1 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2021-09-28 DOI:10.1007/s10354-021-00882-2
Martin Kuhar, Stella Fatović-Ferenčić
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Abstract

Croatia is a Central European and Mediterranean country with a long maritime border with Italy. Throughout history, it was not only goods but also knowledge and medical practices that were exchanged over its borders. Following archival sources, individual informal networks, professional publications, daily newspapers, and public lectures, we aimed to present main channels by which Croatian intellectuals embraced Lombroso's criminal anthropology at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries. We illuminated the fact that the adoption of Cesare Lombroso's concepts stimulated the joint engagement and communication of medical and legal realms in Croatia. Our analysis exposed the traces of Lombroso's ideas within the reform of the penal code, thus influencing forensic psychiatric practice. We showed how those ideas were translated into policy, politically exploited, and pitched into discussions employing rhetorical techniques, which led to the stigmatization of certain groups of people, particularly patients suffering from epilepsy. Our results also showed that, contrary to other countries that formed Austria-Hungary, the discussions about Lombroso's criminology waned in Croatia after the First World War. We believe that our results can close the gap on this topic, adding the evidence about the spread and influence of Lombroso's concepts within Austria-Hungary in the analyzed period.

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“我不会等着他们去犯罪”:切萨雷·隆布罗索在克罗地亚的犯罪人类学。
克罗地亚是中欧和地中海国家,与意大利有着漫长的海上边界。纵观历史,在其边界上交流的不仅仅是货物,还有知识和医疗实践。根据档案来源、个人非正式网络、专业出版物、日报和公开讲座,我们旨在展示克罗地亚知识分子在19世纪末和20世纪初接受隆布罗索犯罪人类学的主要渠道。我们阐明了这样一个事实,即Cesare Lombroso的概念的采用刺激了克罗地亚医疗和法律领域的共同参与和沟通。我们的分析揭示了隆布罗索思想在刑法改革中的痕迹,从而影响了法医精神病学实践。我们展示了这些想法是如何被转化为政策、政治利用,并运用修辞技巧进行讨论的,这导致了对某些群体的污名化,尤其是癫痫患者。我们的研究结果还表明,与其他组成奥匈帝国的国家相反,第一次世界大战后,克罗地亚对龙布罗索犯罪学的讨论有所减少。我们相信,我们的研究结果可以缩小这一主题上的差距,为隆布罗索的概念在奥匈帝国的传播和影响提供了证据。
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Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift
Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL-
CiteScore
2.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
79
期刊介绍: ''From the microscope to clinical application!'', Scientists from all European countries make available their recent research results and practical experience through Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift, the renowned English- and German-language forum. Both original articles and reviews on a broad spectrum of clinical and preclinical medicine are presented within the successful framework of thematic issues compiled by guest editors. Selected cutting-edge topics, such as dementia, geriatric oncology, Helicobacter pylori and phytomedicine make the journal a mandatory source of information.
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