The role of host phenology for parasite transmission.

IF 1.1 4区环境科学与生态学 Q4 ECOLOGY Theoretical Ecology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2020-11-11 DOI:10.1007/s12080-020-00484-5

Hannelore MacDonald, Erol Akçay, Dustin Brisson

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Abstract

Phenology is a fundamental determinant of species distributions, abundances, and interactions. In host-parasite interactions, host phenology can affect parasite fitness due to the temporal constraints it imposes on host contact rates. However, it remains unclear how parasite transmission is shaped by the wide range of phenological patterns observed in nature. We develop a mathematical model of the Lyme disease system to study the consequences of differential tick developmental-stage phenology for the transmission of B. burgdorferi. Incorporating seasonal tick activity can increase B. burgdorferi fitness compared to continuous tick activity but can also prevent transmission completely. B. burgdorferi fitness is greatest when the activity period of the infectious nymphal stage slightly precedes the larval activity period. Surprisingly, B. burgdorferi is eradicated if the larval activity period begins long after the end of nymphal activity due to a feedback with mouse population dynamics. These results highlight the importance of phenology, a common driver of species interactions, for the fitness of a parasite.

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寄主物候在寄生虫传播中的作用。

物候是物种分布、丰度和相互作用的基本决定因素。在宿主-寄生虫相互作用中，寄主物候可以影响寄主的适应性，因为它对寄主接触率施加了时间限制。然而，目前尚不清楚在自然界中观察到的广泛物候模式如何塑造寄生虫传播。我们开发了莱姆病系统的数学模型，以研究不同蜱发育阶段物候对伯氏疏螺旋体传播的影响。与持续的蜱虫活动相比，结合季节性蜱虫活动可以增加伯氏疏螺旋体的适应性，但也可以完全防止传播。当感染若虫活动期略早于幼虫活动期时，伯氏疏螺旋体的适合度最高。令人惊讶的是，如果幼虫活动期在若虫活动结束后很长时间才开始，由于小鼠种群动态的反馈，伯氏疏螺旋体被根除。这些结果突出了物候学的重要性，物候学是物种相互作用的共同驱动因素，对寄生虫的适应性很重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Theoretical Ecology 环境科学-生态学

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

6.20%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Theoretical Ecology publishes innovative research in theoretical ecology, broadly defined. Papers should use theoretical approaches to answer questions of ecological interest and appeal to and be readable by a broad audience of ecologists. Work that uses mathematical, statistical, computational, or conceptual approaches is all welcomed, provided that the goal is to increase ecological understanding. Papers that only use existing approaches to analyze data, or are only mathematical analyses that do not further ecological understanding, are not appropriate. Work that bridges disciplinary boundaries, such as the intersection between quantitative social sciences and ecology, or physical influences on ecological processes, will also be particularly welcome. All areas of theoretical ecology, including ecophysiology, population ecology, behavioral ecology, evolutionary ecology, ecosystem ecology, community ecology, and ecosystem and landscape ecology are all appropriate. Theoretical papers that focus on applied ecological questions are also of particular interest.