[Benefits of radiotherapy for patients with solitary plasmacytoma or multiple myeloma].

Abstract

Background: Treatment options for patients with solitary plasmacytoma (SP) or multiple myeloma (MM) should be discussed in an interdisciplinary context. This systematic review focuses on the importance of radiotherapy in MM and SP.

Objective: Summary of local radio-oncological treatment options for patients with SP and MM.

Materials and methods: Based on a systematic literature search, the current evidence on the topic was analyzed and summarized.

Results: Patients with SP should be primarily treated with radiotherapy with or without surgery. Irradiation concepts may vary depending on risk factors and manifestation (solitary bone plasmacytoma vs. solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma). Although local control rates are high after radiotherapy, progression to multiple myeloma frequently occurs. In patients with MM, radiation is mainly used in palliative settings for pain relief, prevention of fractures or in patients who suffer from neurological symptoms due to spinal cord compression. Irradiation dose and fractionation should be selected based on treatment indication and general condition of the patient.

Conclusion: Although most patients receive systemic treatment at initial diagnosis, approximately 40% of patients with MM will require radiation during the course of their disease. While radiation is mainly used for palliation in patients with MM, it represents the primary and curative treatment option in patients with SP.