[Posterior meniscus root tears].

Abstract

Meniscus root tears are radial tears in the region of the posterior insertion zones. Medial root injuries usually occur in individuals > 50 years of age without adequate trauma and are associated with obesity and varus deformities. The root lesion leads to a loss of ring tension, which results in extrusion of the meniscus and a strong increase in joint pressure that is biomechanically equivalent to a complete meniscectomy. When indicating arthroscopic transosseous refixation of the medial root lesion, factors such as accompanying cartilage damage, osteoarthritis, obesity and varus deformity must be taken into account. Injuries to the root of the lateral meniscus are mostly observed in younger patients in combination with a rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament. Arthroscopic transosseous refixation in combination with cruciate ligament surgery is therefore also recommended for type I and type II lesions. In summary, both the medial and the lateral root lesions of the menisci are injuries with high biomechanical relevance.