[Pollen-food syndrom. A rewiev with a twist].

Abstract

Pollen-food syndrome (PFS) is characterized by allergic sensitization to proteins of pollens of grasses, weeds, and trees, which produce a type I hypersensitivity reaction that is associated with the intake of plant-derived foods that are usually in raw form. The most frequently-associated protein families are: profilins, PR-10, and ns LTP; however, others such as thaumatins, isoflavones, reductases, and B1,2 glucanases have been documented. The prototype syndrome is birch-fruit-vegetables, and of these, the most common is birch-apple due to the fact that more than 70 % of patients who are sensitized to birch present symptoms associated with the intake of plant-derived foods. The symptoms are restricted to the oral cavity; however, some patients may present systemic symptoms, including anaphylaxis, so it is important to identify the type of protein that is involved since the type of reaction that the patient may present depends on that. In spite of everything, it is considered an entity that may be under diagnosed due to its complex diagnosis and treatment, since the procedure, in most cases, is an elimination diet, because treatment with immunotherapy is not yet available. The purpose of this review is to describe the pathophysiology, as well as the most common pollen-food syndromes.