Sex differences in the effects on the brain of early cognitive stimulation.

IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY Cognitive Neuropsychology Pub Date : 2021-07-01 Epub Date: 2021-11-28 DOI:10.1080/02643294.2021.2004108
Saul Sternberg
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Abstract

A study by Farah and colleagues (2021) of the effects on the adult brain of a cognitively intense early childhood experience revealed large effects, but primarily in the brains of male subjects, while causing equally large increases of childhood IQ in males and females. The present analysis advances and tests a conjecture about one reason for the sex difference. Among the control subjects, the summed volume of four small regions of the cortex, associated with language and cognitive processes, is proportionally larger in females. Based on these four regions, a new brain measure, the "cognitive ratio", is defined. The cognitive ratio is found to be strongly and negatively correlated with variations in the effect of the early experience on brain volume among the males, and explains a large proportion of the difference between males and females, as well as the greater sensitivity of the male brains to that experience.

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早期认知刺激对大脑影响的性别差异。
Farah和他的同事在2021年进行的一项研究显示,儿童早期经历对成年大脑的影响很大,但主要是在男性受试者的大脑中,同时对男性和女性的儿童智商也有同样大的提高。目前的分析提出并验证了一个关于性别差异原因的猜想。在对照组中,大脑皮层中与语言和认知过程相关的四个小区域的体积总和在女性中比例更大。基于这四个区域,定义了一种新的大脑测量方法,即“认知比率”。研究发现,认知比率与早期经历对男性脑容量影响的变化呈强烈的负相关,这解释了男性和女性之间很大一部分差异,以及男性大脑对这种经历更敏感的原因。
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来源期刊
Cognitive Neuropsychology
Cognitive Neuropsychology 医学-心理学
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
11.80%
发文量
23
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Cognitive Neuropsychology is of interest to cognitive scientists and neuroscientists, neuropsychologists, neurologists, psycholinguists, speech pathologists, physiotherapists, and psychiatrists.
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