Preclinical models of glioblastoma: limitations of current models and the promise of new developments.

IF 4.5 2区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine Pub Date : 2021-12-02 DOI:10.1017/erm.2021.20
Peng Liu, Scott Griffiths, Damjan Veljanoski, Philippa Vaughn-Beaucaire, Valerie Speirs, Anke Brüning-Richardson
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引用次数: 17

Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumour, yet little progress has been made towards providing better treatment options for patients diagnosed with this devastating condition over the last few decades. The complex nature of the disease, heterogeneity, highly invasive potential of GBM tumours and until recently, reduced investment in research funding compared with other cancer types, are contributing factors to few advancements in disease management. Survival rates remain low with less than 5% of patients surviving 5 years. Another important contributing factor is the use of preclinical models that fail to fully recapitulate GBM pathophysiology, preventing efficient translation from the lab into successful therapies in the clinic. This review critically evaluates current preclinical GBM models, highlighting advantages and disadvantages of using such models, and outlines several emerging techniques in GBM modelling using animal-free approaches. These novel approaches to a highly complex disease such as GBM show evidence of a more truthful recapitulation of GBM pathobiology with high reproducibility. The resulting advancements in this field will offer new biological insights into GBM and its aetiology with potential to contribute towards the development of much needed improved treatments for GBM in future.

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胶质母细胞瘤的临床前模型:当前模型的局限性和新发展的希望。
胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)是最常见、最具侵袭性的原发性脑肿瘤,但在过去几十年里,在为被诊断患有这种毁灭性疾病的患者提供更好的治疗选择方面几乎没有取得进展。该疾病的复杂性、异质性、GBM肿瘤的高度侵袭性,以及直到最近,与其他癌症类型相比,研究经费的投资减少,都是导致疾病管理进展甚微的因素。生存率仍然很低,只有不到5%的患者能存活5年。另一个重要因素是临床前模型的使用,这些模型不能完全概括GBM的病理生理,从而阻碍了从实验室到临床成功治疗的有效转化。这篇综述批判性地评估了目前的临床前GBM模型,强调了使用这些模型的优点和缺点,并概述了几种使用无动物方法建立GBM模型的新兴技术。这些针对高度复杂疾病(如GBM)的新方法显示了更真实地再现GBM病理生物学的证据,具有高可重复性。该领域的进展将为GBM及其病因提供新的生物学见解,并有可能为未来GBM急需的改进治疗方法的发展做出贡献。
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来源期刊
Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine
Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY-MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL
CiteScore
7.40
自引率
1.60%
发文量
45
期刊介绍: Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine is an innovative online journal featuring authoritative and timely Reviews covering gene therapy, immunotherapeutics, drug design, vaccines, genetic testing, pathogenesis, microbiology, genomics, molecular epidemiology and diagnostic techniques. We especially welcome reviews on translational aspects of molecular medicine, particularly those related to the application of new understanding of the molecular basis of disease to experimental medicine and clinical practice.
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