Unilateral hypoplastic kidney in adults: An experience of a tertiary-level urology center.

Rabea Ahmed Gadelkareem, Nasreldin Mohammed
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Background: Unilateral small-sized kidney is a radiological term referring to both the congenital and acquired causes of reduced kidney volume. However, the hypoplastic kidney may have peculiar clinical and radiological characterizations.

Aim: To evaluate the clinical presentations, complications, and management approaches of the radiologically diagnosed unilateral hypoplastic kidney.

Methods: A retrospective review of the records of patients with a radiological diagnosis of unilateral hypoplastic kidney between July 2015 and June 2020 was done at Assiut Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Assiut University, Egypt.

Results: A total of 33 cases were diagnosed to have unilateral hypoplastic kidney with a mean (range) age of 39.5 ± 11.2 (19-73) years. The main clinical presentation was loin pain (51.5%), stone passer (9.1%), anuria (12.1%), accidental discovery (15.2%), or manifestations of urinary tract infections (12.1%). Computed tomography was the most useful tool for radiological diagnosis. However, radioisotope scanning could be requested for verification of surgical interventions and nephrectomy decisions. Urolithiasis occurred in 23 (69.7%) cases and pyuria was detected in 22 (66.7%) cases where the infection was documented by culture and sensitivity test in 19 cases. While the non-complicated cases were managed by assurance only (12.1%), nephrectomy (15.2%) was performed for persistent complications. However, symptomatic (27.3%) and endoscopic (45.6%) approaches were used for the management of correctable complications.

Conclusion: Unilateral hypoplastic kidney in adults has various complications that range from urinary tract infections to death from septicemia. Diagnosis is mainly radiological and management is usually conservative or minimally invasive.

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成人单侧肾发育不全:一个三级泌尿中心的经验。
背景:单侧小肾是一个放射学术语,指先天性和后天肾体积缩小的原因。然而,肾发育不全可能具有特殊的临床和影像学特征。目的:探讨影像学诊断单侧肾发育不全的临床表现、并发症及治疗方法。方法:回顾性分析2015年7月至2020年6月在埃及阿西乌特大学阿西乌特泌尿和肾脏医院放射学诊断为单侧肾脏发育不良的患者的记录。结果:确诊单侧肾发育不全33例,平均(范围)年龄39.5±11.2(19-73)岁。主要临床表现为腰痛(51.5%)、结石(9.1%)、无尿(12.1%)、意外发现(15.2%)或尿路感染(12.1%)。计算机断层扫描是放射学诊断最有用的工具。然而,放射性同位素扫描可用于手术干预和肾切除术决策的验证。尿石症23例(69.7%),脓尿22例(66.7%),其中19例经培养和敏感试验证实感染。而非并发症的病例仅采用保证治疗(12.1%),持续并发症则采用肾切除术(15.2%)。然而,对症(27.3%)和内窥镜(45.6%)入路用于治疗可纠正的并发症。结论:成人单侧肾发育不全有多种并发症,从尿路感染到败血症死亡。诊断主要是放射学,治疗通常是保守或微创。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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