SARS-CoV-2-Mediated Neuropathogenesis, Deterioration of Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Dementia.

IF 4.7 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS ACS Applied Bio Materials Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI:10.1177/15333175221078418

Risna K Radhakrishnan, Mahesh Kandasamy

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Abstract

A significant portion of COVID-19 patients and survivors display marked clinical signs of neurocognitive impairments. SARS-CoV-2-mediated peripheral cytokine storm and its neurotropism appear to elicit the activation of glial cells in the brain proceeding to neuroinflammation. While adult neurogenesis has been identified as a key cellular basis of cognitive functions, neuroinflammation-induced aberrant neuroregenerative plasticity in the hippocampus has been implicated in progressive memory loss in ageing and brain disorders. Notably, recent histological studies of post-mortem human and experimental animal brains indicate that SARS-CoV-2 infection impairs neurogenic process in the hippocampus of the brain due to neuroinflammation. Considering the facts, this article describes the prominent neuropathogenic characteristics and neurocognitive impairments in COVID-19 and emphasizes a viewpoint that neuroinflammation-mediated deterioration of hippocampal neurogenesis could contribute to the onset and progression of dementia in COVID-19. Thus, it necessitates the unmet need for regenerative medicine for the effective management of neurocognitive deficits in COVID-19.

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SARS-CoV-2介导的神经发病机制、海马神经发生退化和痴呆症

相当一部分 COVID-19 患者和幸存者表现出明显的神经认知障碍临床症状。由 SARS-CoV-2 介导的外周细胞因子风暴及其神经趋向性似乎引发了大脑胶质细胞的活化，进而导致神经炎症。成人神经发生被认为是认知功能的关键细胞基础，而神经炎症引起的海马神经再生可塑性异常则与老龄化和脑部疾病导致的渐进性记忆丧失有关。值得注意的是，最近对死后人类和实验动物大脑的组织学研究表明，由于神经炎症，SARS-CoV-2 感染会损害大脑海马区的神经再生过程。考虑到这些事实，本文描述了 COVID-19 的突出神经致病特征和神经认知障碍，并强调了一种观点，即神经炎症介导的海马神经发生退化可能是 COVID-19 痴呆症发病和进展的原因。因此，有必要利用再生医学来有效治疗 COVID-19 神经认知缺陷。

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来源期刊

ACS Applied Bio Materials Chemistry-Chemistry (all)

CiteScore

9.40

自引率

2.10%

发文量

464

期刊介绍： ACS Applied Bio Materials is an interdisciplinary journal publishing original research covering all aspects of biomaterials and biointerfaces including and beyond the traditional biosensing, biomedical and therapeutic applications. The journal is devoted to reports of new and original experimental and theoretical research of an applied nature that integrates knowledge in the areas of materials, engineering, physics, bioscience, and chemistry into important bio applications. The journal is specifically interested in work that addresses the relationship between structure and function and assesses the stability and degradation of materials under relevant environmental and biological conditions.