Hemozoin: a Complex Molecule with Complex Activities.

IF 3.1 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Current Clinical Microbiology Reports Pub Date : 2021-06-01 Epub Date: 2021-04-11 DOI:10.1007/s40588-021-00166-8

Trisha Dalapati, Julie M Moore

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Purpose of review: Malaria is a disease caused by parasites that reside in host red blood cells and use hemoglobin as a nutrient source. Heme released by hemoglobin catabolism is modified by the parasite to produce hemozoin (HZ), which has toxic effects on the host. Experimentation aiming to elucidate how HZ contributes to malaria pathogenesis has utilized different preparations of this molecule, complicating interpretation and comparison of findings. We examine natural synthesis and isolation of HZ and highlight studies that have used multiple preparations, including synthetic forms, in a comparative fashion.

Recent findings: Recent work utilizing sophisticated imaging and detection techniques reveals important molecular characteristics of HZ synthesis and biochemistry. Other recent studies further refine understanding of contributions of HZ to malaria pathogenesis yet highlight the continuing need to characterize HZ preparations and contextualize experimental conditions in the in vivo infection milieu.

Summary: This review highlights the necessity of collectively determining what is physiologically relevant HZ. Characterization of isolated natural HZ and use of multiple preparations in each study are recommended with application of in vivo studies whenever possible. Adoption of such practices is expected to improve reproducibility of results and elucidate the myriad of ways that HZ participates in malaria pathogenesis.

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血色素:具有复杂活性的复杂分子。

综述目的:疟疾是一种由寄生在宿主红细胞内并以血红蛋白为营养来源的寄生虫引起的疾病。血红蛋白分解代谢释放的血红素经寄生虫修饰后产生对宿主有毒性作用的血色素蛋白(HZ)。旨在阐明HZ如何促进疟疾发病机制的实验使用了该分子的不同制剂，使解释和比较发现变得复杂。我们检查自然合成和分离的赫兹和重点研究已经使用多种制剂，包括合成形式，以比较的方式。最新发现:最近的工作利用复杂的成像和检测技术揭示了HZ合成和生物化学的重要分子特征。最近的其他研究进一步完善了对HZ对疟疾发病机制的贡献的理解，但强调了继续需要表征HZ制剂并在体内感染环境中建立实验条件。摘要:这篇综述强调了集体确定什么是与HZ生理相关的必要性。建议对分离的天然HZ进行表征，并在每项研究中使用多种制剂，并尽可能应用体内研究。采用这种做法有望提高结果的可重复性，并阐明HZ参与疟疾发病机制的无数种方式。

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来源期刊

Current Clinical Microbiology Reports MICROBIOLOGY-

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

1.90%

发文量

期刊介绍： Current Clinical Microbiology Reports commissions expert reviews from leading scientists at the forefront of research in microbiology. The journal covers this broad field by dividing it into four key main areas of study: virology, bacteriology, parasitology, and mycology. Within each of the four sections, experts from around the world address important aspects of clinical microbiology such as immunology, diagnostics, therapeutics, antibiotics and antibiotic resistance, and vaccines. Some of the world’s foremost authorities in the field of microbiology serve as section editors and editorial board members. Section editors select topics for which leading researchers are invited to contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, which are highlighted in annotated reference lists. These timely reviews of the literature examine the latest scientific discoveries and controversies as they emerge and are indispensable to both researchers and clinicians. The editorial board, composed of more than 20 internationally diverse members, reviews the annual table of contents, ensures that topics address all aspects of emerging research, and where applicable suggests topics of critical importance to various countries/regions.