Mia R Gonzalgo, Sirpi Nackeeran, Ali Mouzannar, Ruben Blachman-Braun
{"title":"Socioeconomic differences associated with consumption of a plant-based diet: Results from the national health and nutrition examination survey.","authors":"Mia R Gonzalgo, Sirpi Nackeeran, Ali Mouzannar, Ruben Blachman-Braun","doi":"10.1177/02601060221109669","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A plant-based diet (PBD) has been associated with potential health benefits, but factors that may affect access to and consumption of a PBD are not well defined.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine the association between socioeconomic status and plant-based dietary consumption among participants enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study using data obtained from the NHANES database. The following covariates were assessed: age, sex, race/ethnicity, educational level, marital status, smoking status, physical activity, alcohol use, history of diabetes, and hypertension. Socioeconomic status was categorized according to poverty-income ratio (PIR). Food frequency questionnaires were used to calculate previously validated plant-based diet index (PDI) and healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI). Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression was performed to determine the association between PIR, clinical, demographic, and plant-based diet indices.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 5037 participants were in the final analytic sample. Median age of participants was 51 ± 18.5 years. Overall PDI and hPDI were 50 [46-54] and 52 [47-57], respectively. Median PDI index was significantly different among PIR groups (PDI, p = 0.018; hPDI, p < 0.001). On multivariable analysis, participants in the poorest socioeconomic group (PIR ≤ 130%) were more likely to have lower consumption of a healthful PBD (hPDI).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lower socioeconomic status (PIR ≤ 130%) was associated with decreased consumption of a healthful plant-based diet. These data suggest that socioeconomic disparities may limit consumption of healthier food and contribute to the high prevalence of adverse health conditions that exist in certain population groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Nutrition and health","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02601060221109669","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2022/6/22 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"NUTRITION & DIETETICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: A plant-based diet (PBD) has been associated with potential health benefits, but factors that may affect access to and consumption of a PBD are not well defined.
Aim: To determine the association between socioeconomic status and plant-based dietary consumption among participants enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using data obtained from the NHANES database. The following covariates were assessed: age, sex, race/ethnicity, educational level, marital status, smoking status, physical activity, alcohol use, history of diabetes, and hypertension. Socioeconomic status was categorized according to poverty-income ratio (PIR). Food frequency questionnaires were used to calculate previously validated plant-based diet index (PDI) and healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI). Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression was performed to determine the association between PIR, clinical, demographic, and plant-based diet indices.
Results: A total of 5037 participants were in the final analytic sample. Median age of participants was 51 ± 18.5 years. Overall PDI and hPDI were 50 [46-54] and 52 [47-57], respectively. Median PDI index was significantly different among PIR groups (PDI, p = 0.018; hPDI, p < 0.001). On multivariable analysis, participants in the poorest socioeconomic group (PIR ≤ 130%) were more likely to have lower consumption of a healthful PBD (hPDI).
Conclusion: Lower socioeconomic status (PIR ≤ 130%) was associated with decreased consumption of a healthful plant-based diet. These data suggest that socioeconomic disparities may limit consumption of healthier food and contribute to the high prevalence of adverse health conditions that exist in certain population groups.