Jananee Rasiah , Andrea Gruneir , Nelly D. Oelke , Carole Estabrooks , Jayna Holroyd-Leduc , Greta G. Cummings
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引用次数: 5
Abstract
Background and objectives
Frailty has been investigated for decades with a proliferation of frailty instruments attributed to many existing conceptual models and operational criteria. The purpose of this systematic review was to understand how instruments were developed to assess frailty in community dwelling older adults.
Research design and methods
This review followed standard conduct, reporting, and quality assessment guidelines. Articles published in English that described instruments used to measure frailty in community dwelling older adults 65 years of age or older; and instruments developed for research purposes or in clinical practice were included. MEDLINE, CINAHL, and EMBASE (March 2022) and Abstracts in Social Gerontology (March 2020) were searched.
Results
A total of 32 frailty instruments were identified with self-reported, performance-based, or researcher/clinician observed items. Common characteristics across instruments were categorized as follows: frailty conceptualized as a state or a syndrome; frailty operationalized as continuous, categorical, or dichotomous; and instruments developed for clinical, research or both purposes. All items in the instruments were developed based on theories of frailty; some were informed by panels of experts; and others used statistical methods to compare variables across instruments.
Discussion and implications
Results from this review will assist clinicians/researchers select appropriate instruments to assess frailty in older adults living in the community. It is time to pause on the development of more instruments. Instead, efforts must be directed toward advancing research and clinical practice using existing validated instruments to inform clinical decision-making and health care coordination to avoid, delay, or manage frailty in the community.
Tweetable abstract
More research and clinical practice using existing validated frailty instruments to assess frailty in older adults living in the community is a must!
背景和目的由于许多现有的概念模型和操作标准，脆弱性已经被研究了几十年，脆弱性工具的扩散。本系统综述的目的是了解如何开发工具来评估社区居住的老年人的脆弱性。研究设计和方法本综述遵循标准行为、报告和质量评估指南。用英语发表的文章描述了用于测量65岁 或以上社区居住老年人脆弱性的工具;为研究目的或临床实践而开发的仪器也包括在内。检索了MEDLINE、CINAHL和EMBASE(2022年3月)和Abstracts in Social Gerontology(2020年3月)。结果通过自我报告、基于表现或研究者/临床医生观察项目共鉴定了32项衰弱指标。所有工具的共同特征被分类如下:虚弱被概念化为一种状态或综合征;脆弱性:作为连续的、分类的或二分的操作;以及用于临床、研究或两者兼而有之的仪器。仪器中的所有项目都是根据脆弱理论开发的;有些是由专家小组通报的;还有一些人使用统计方法来比较不同工具之间的变量。讨论和意义本综述的结果将帮助临床医生/研究人员选择合适的工具来评估生活在社区中的老年人的脆弱性。现在是暂停开发更多工具的时候了。相反，必须努力推进研究和临床实践，利用现有的有效工具，为临床决策和卫生保健协调提供信息，以避免、延迟或管理社区中的脆弱性。必须进行更多的研究和临床实践，使用现有的经过验证的虚弱仪器来评估生活在社区中的老年人的虚弱程度!
期刊介绍：
The International Journal of Nursing Studies (IJNS) is a highly respected journal that has been publishing original peer-reviewed articles since 1963. It provides a forum for original research and scholarship about health care delivery, organisation, management, workforce, policy, and research methods relevant to nursing, midwifery, and other health related professions. The journal aims to support evidence informed policy and practice by publishing research, systematic and other scholarly reviews, critical discussion, and commentary of the highest standard. The IJNS is indexed in major databases including PubMed, Medline, Thomson Reuters - Science Citation Index, Scopus, Thomson Reuters - Social Science Citation Index, CINAHL, and the BNI (British Nursing Index).
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