{"title":"Making Mitotic Chromosomes in a Test Tube.","authors":"Keishi Shintomi","doi":"10.3390/epigenomes6030020","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitotic chromosome assembly is an essential preparatory step for accurate transmission of the genome during cell division. During the past decades, biochemical approaches have uncovered the molecular basis of mitotic chromosomes. For example, by using cell-free assays of frog egg extracts, the condensin I complex central for the chromosome assembly process was first identified, and its functions have been intensively studied. A list of chromosome-associated proteins has been almost completed, and it is now possible to reconstitute structures resembling mitotic chromosomes with a limited number of purified factors. In this review, I introduce how far we have come in understanding the mechanism of chromosome assembly using cell-free assays and reconstitution assays, and I discuss their potential applications to solve open questions.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7000,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9326633/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3390/epigenomes6030020","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Mitotic chromosome assembly is an essential preparatory step for accurate transmission of the genome during cell division. During the past decades, biochemical approaches have uncovered the molecular basis of mitotic chromosomes. For example, by using cell-free assays of frog egg extracts, the condensin I complex central for the chromosome assembly process was first identified, and its functions have been intensively studied. A list of chromosome-associated proteins has been almost completed, and it is now possible to reconstitute structures resembling mitotic chromosomes with a limited number of purified factors. In this review, I introduce how far we have come in understanding the mechanism of chromosome assembly using cell-free assays and reconstitution assays, and I discuss their potential applications to solve open questions.
有丝分裂染色体的组装是细胞分裂过程中准确传递基因组的重要准备步骤。过去几十年中，生化方法揭示了有丝分裂染色体的分子基础。例如，通过对蛙卵提取物进行无细胞检测，首次发现了染色体组装过程的核心凝集素 I 复合物，并对其功能进行了深入研究。染色体相关蛋白的列表已基本完成，现在只需少量纯化因子就能重建类似有丝分裂染色体的结构。在这篇综述中，我将介绍我们利用无细胞实验和重组实验在理解染色体组装机制方面所取得的进展，并讨论它们在解决未决问题方面的潜在应用。
期刊介绍：
ACS Applied Bio Materials is an interdisciplinary journal publishing original research covering all aspects of biomaterials and biointerfaces including and beyond the traditional biosensing, biomedical and therapeutic applications.
The journal is devoted to reports of new and original experimental and theoretical research of an applied nature that integrates knowledge in the areas of materials, engineering, physics, bioscience, and chemistry into important bio applications. The journal is specifically interested in work that addresses the relationship between structure and function and assesses the stability and degradation of materials under relevant environmental and biological conditions.
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