Immune Editing: Overcoming Immune Barriers in Stem Cell Transplantation.

IF 2.3 Q4 CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING Current Stem Cell Reports Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-11-08 DOI:10.1007/s40778-022-00221-0

Torsten B Meissner, Henrike S Schulze, Stanley M Dale

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引用次数: 4

Abstract

Purpose of review: Human pluripotent stem cells have the potential to revolutionize the treatment of inborn and degenerative diseases, including aging and autoimmunity. A major barrier to their wider adoption in cell therapies is immune rejection. Genome editing allows for tinkering of the human genome in stem and progenitor cells and raises the prospect for overcoming the immune barriers to transplantation.

Recent findings: Initial attempts have focused primarily on the major histocompatibility barrier that is formed by the human leukocyte antigens (HLA). More recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as PD-L1, CD47, or HLA-G, are being explored both, in the presence or absence of HLA, to mitigate immune rejection by the various cellular components of the immune system.

Summary: In this review, we discuss progress in surmounting immune barriers to cell transplantation, with a particular focus on genetic engineering of human pluripotent stem and progenitor cells and the therapeutic cell types derived from them.

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免疫编辑:克服干细胞移植中的免疫障碍。

综述目的:人类多能干细胞有可能彻底改变先天性和退行性疾病的治疗，包括衰老和自身免疫。它们在细胞疗法中广泛应用的一个主要障碍是免疫排斥。基因组编辑允许在干细胞和祖细胞中修补人类基因组，并提出了克服移植免疫障碍的前景。最近发现:最初的尝试主要集中在由人类白细胞抗原(HLA)形成的主要组织相容性屏障上。最近，免疫检查点抑制剂，如PD-L1, CD47，或HLA- g，正在探索，在存在或不存在HLA，以减轻免疫系统的各种细胞成分的免疫排斥反应。摘要:在这篇综述中，我们讨论了细胞移植中克服免疫障碍的进展，特别关注人类多能干细胞和祖细胞的基因工程及其衍生的治疗细胞类型。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Stem Cell Reports Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Genetics

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： The goal of this journal is to publish cutting-edge reviews on subjects pertinent to all aspects of stem cell research, therapy, ethics, commercialization, and policy. We aim to provide incisive, insightful, and balanced contributions from leading experts in each relevant domain that will be of immediate interest to a wide readership of clinicians, basic scientists, and translational investigators. We accomplish this aim by appointing major authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas across the discipline. Section Editors select topics to be reviewed by leading experts who emphasize recent developments and highlight important papers published over the past year on their topics, in a crisp and readable format. We also provide commentaries from well-known figures in the field, and an Editorial Board of internationally diverse members suggests topics of special interest to their country/region and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research.