Molecular Biology Mechanisms and Emerging Therapeutics of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

IF 5.3 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Biologics : Targets & Therapy Pub Date : 2023-09-21 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI:10.2147/BTT.S426392
Zhiying Zhang, Rui Zhang, Donghai Li
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Abstract

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer that is conventionally characterized by the absence of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), accounting for approximately 15-20% of all breast cancers. Compared to other molecular phenotypes, TNBC is typically associated with high malignancy and poor prognosis. Cytotoxic agents have been the mainstay of treatment for the past few decades due to the lack of definitive targets and limited therapeutic interventions. However, recent developments have demonstrated that TNBC has peculiar molecular classifications and biomarkers, which provide the possibility of evolving treatment from basic cytotoxic chemotherapy to an expanding domain of targeted therapies. This review presents a framework for understanding the current clinical experience surrounding molecular biology mechanisms in TNBC (Figure 1). Including immunotherapy, polymerase (PARP) and PI3K/AKT pathway inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates, and androgen receptor (AR) blockade. Additionally, the role of miRNA therapeutics targeting TNBC and potential strategies targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs) are discussed and highlighted. As more and more treatments arise on the horizon, we believe that patients with TNBC will have a new sense of hope.

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癌症三阴性的分子生物学机制及新疗法。
癌症三阴性(TNBC)是癌症的一种侵袭性亚型,其传统特征是缺乏雌激素受体(ER)、孕酮受体(PR)和人表皮生长因子受体-2(HER2),约占所有乳腺癌的15%-20%。与其他分子表型相比,TNBC通常与高度恶性和预后不良有关。由于缺乏明确的靶点和有限的治疗干预,细胞毒性药物在过去几十年中一直是治疗的支柱。然而,最近的发展表明,TNBC具有独特的分子分类和生物标志物,这为治疗从基础细胞毒性化疗发展到靶向治疗领域提供了可能性。这篇综述为理解TNBC分子生物学机制的当前临床经验提供了一个框架(图1)。包括免疫疗法、聚合酶(PARP)和PI3K/AKT通路抑制剂、抗体-药物偶联物和雄激素受体(AR)阻断。此外,还讨论并强调了靶向TNBC的miRNA疗法的作用以及靶向癌症干细胞(CSCs)的潜在策略。随着越来越多的治疗方法出现,我们相信TNBC患者将有新的希望。
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来源期刊
Biologics : Targets & Therapy
Biologics : Targets & Therapy MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL-
CiteScore
8.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
22
审稿时长
16 weeks
期刊最新文献
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