Ethics of artificial intelligence in prenatal and pediatric genomic medicine.

IF 1.5 Q4 GENETICS & HEREDITY Journal of Community Genetics Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-05 DOI:10.1007/s12687-023-00678-4
Simon Coghlan, Christopher Gyngell, Danya F Vears
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Abstract

This paper examines the ethics of introducing emerging forms of artificial intelligence (AI) into prenatal and pediatric genomic medicine. Application of genomic AI to these early life settings has not received much attention in the ethics literature. We focus on three contexts: (1) prenatal genomic sequencing for possible fetal abnormalities, (2) rapid genomic sequencing for critically ill children, and (3) reanalysis of genomic data obtained from children for diagnostic purposes. The paper identifies and discusses various ethical issues in the possible application of genomic AI in these settings, especially as they relate to concepts of beneficence, nonmaleficence, respect for autonomy, justice, transparency, accountability, privacy, and trust. The examination will inform the ethically sound introduction of genomic AI in early human life.

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人工智能在产前和儿科基因组医学中的伦理。
本文探讨了将新兴形式的人工智能(AI)引入产前和儿科基因组医学的伦理问题。基因组人工智能在这些早期生活环境中的应用在伦理学文献中没有得到太多关注。我们关注三个方面:(1)可能的胎儿异常的产前基因组测序,(2)危重儿童的快速基因组测序,以及(3)出于诊断目的对从儿童获得的基因组数据进行再分析。该论文确定并讨论了基因组人工智能在这些环境中可能应用的各种伦理问题,特别是与慈善、非慈善、尊重自主、正义、透明度、问责制、隐私和信任等概念有关的问题。该检查将为在人类早期引入基因组人工智能提供合乎道德的信息。
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来源期刊
Journal of Community Genetics
Journal of Community Genetics GENETICS & HEREDITY-
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
5.30%
发文量
54
期刊介绍: The Journal of Community Genetics is an international forum for research in the ever-expanding field of community genetics, the art and science of applying medical genetics to human communities for the benefit of their individuals. Community genetics comprises all activities which identify persons at increased genetic risk and has an interest in assessing this risk, in order to enable those at risk to make informed decisions. Community genetics services thus encompass such activities as genetic screening, registration of genetic conditions in the population, routine preconceptional and prenatal genetic consultations, public education on genetic issues, and public debate on related ethical issues. The Journal of Community Genetics has a multidisciplinary scope. It covers medical genetics, epidemiology, genetics in primary care, public health aspects of genetics, and ethical, legal, social and economic issues. Its intention is to serve as a forum for community genetics worldwide, with a focus on low- and middle-income countries. The journal features original research papers, reviews, short communications, program reports, news, and correspondence. Program reports describe illustrative projects in the field of community genetics, e.g., design and progress of an educational program or the protocol and achievement of a gene bank. Case reports describing individual patients are not accepted.
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