Comparison between Neutralization Capacity of Antibodies Elicited by COVID-19 Natural Infection and Vaccination in Indonesia: A Prospective Cohort.

Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI:10.3390/antib12030060

Sitti Nurisyah, Mitsuhiro Iyori, Ammar Abdurrahman Hasyim, Akihiko Sakamoto, Hinata Hashimoto, Kyouhei Yamagata, Saya Yamauchi, Khaeriah Amru, Kartika Hardianti Zainal, Irfan Idris, Shigeto Yoshida, Irawaty Djaharuddin, Din Syafruddin, Agussalim Bukhari, Puji Budi Setia Asih, Yenni Yusuf

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Abstract

Background: To fight the COVID-19 pandemic, immunity against SARS-CoV-2 should be achieved not only through natural infection but also by vaccination. The effect of COVID-19 vaccination on previously infected persons is debatable.

Methods: A prospective cohort was undergone to collect sera from unvaccinated survivors and vaccinated persons-with and without COVID-19 pre-infection. The sera were analyzed for the anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) titers by ELISA and for the capacity to neutralize the pseudovirus of the Wuhan-Hu-1 strain by luciferase assays.

Results: Neither the antibody titers nor the neutralization capacity was significantly different between the three groups. However, the correlation between the antibody titers and the percentage of viral neutralization derived from sera of unvaccinated survivors was higher than that from vaccinated persons with pre-infection and vaccinated naïve individuals (Spearman correlation coefficient (r) = -0.8558; 95% CI, -0.9259 to -0.7288), p < 0.0001 vs. -0.7855; 95% CI, -0.8877 to -0.6096, p < 0.0001 and -0.581; 95% CI, -0.7679 to -0.3028, p = 0.0002, respectively), indicating the capacity to neutralize the virus is most superior by infection alone.

Conclusions: Vaccines induce anti-RBD titers as high as the natural infection with lower neutralization capacity, and it does not boost immunity in pre-infected persons.

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印度尼西亚新冠肺炎自然感染和疫苗接种抗体中和能力的比较：前瞻性队列。

背景：为了抗击新冠肺炎大流行，对SARS-CoV-2的免疫力不仅应该通过自然感染实现，还应该通过疫苗接种实现。新冠肺炎疫苗接种对先前感染者的影响是有争议的。方法：采用前瞻性队列，收集未接种疫苗的幸存者和接种疫苗的新冠肺炎前感染者和未感染者的血清。通过ELISA分析血清的抗受体结合域（RBD）滴度，并通过荧光素酶测定分析血清中和武汉Hu-1株假病毒的能力。结果：三组间的抗体滴度和中和能力均无显著差异。然而，来自未接种疫苗的幸存者血清的抗体滴度和病毒中和百分比之间的相关性高于来自接种疫苗的感染前和接种疫苗的幼稚个体的抗体滴度（Spearman相关系数（r）=-0.8558；95%可信区间-0.9259至-0.7288），p＜0.0001对-0.7855；95%可信区间为-0.8877至-0.6096，p分别为0.0001和-0.581；95%CI，分别为-0.7679至-0.3028，p=0.0002），表明单独感染中和病毒的能力最为优越。结论：疫苗诱导的抗RBD滴度与自然感染一样高，但中和能力较低，并且不能提高预感染者的免疫力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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