Validation and Clinical Application of Interferon-Gamma Release Assay for Diagnosis of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Children.

IF 0.8 Q3 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL International Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research Pub Date : 2019-10-01 Epub Date: 2019-10-11 DOI:10.4103/ijabmr.IJABMR_86_19
Kirtilaxmi K Benachinmardi, S Sangeetha, Mohan Rao, R Prema
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引用次数: 10

Abstract

Background: India has the highest tuberculosis (TB) burden, accounting for one-fifth of the global incidence and two-third of the cases in Southeast Asia with an estimated 1.9 million new cases every year. Identifying and treating latent TB infection (LTBI) can reduce the risk of development of active disease by up to 90%, thereby decreasing a major burden to the prevalence of the disease, and thus reducing potential sources in future.

Aim: Early diagnosis of LTBI by tuberculin skin test (TST) and a newer interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA).

Materials and methods: Seventy-seven clinically asymptomatic household contacts (≤18 years) of confirmed pulmonary TB patients were enrolled to compare the performance of TST and IGRA to diagnose LTBI. At baseline, all participants underwent testing for IGRA and TST.

Results: TST showed positivity of 22%, while IGRA demonstrated positivity of 40% in the diagnosis of latent TB. Kappa value at 95% confidence interval was 0.4753, indicates a moderate agreement between the two tests. This indicates that IGRA is a better predictor of latent TB. Maximum positive percentage was in the age group of 16-18 years in both the tests followed by 1-5 years.

Aim: Early diagnosis of LTBI by tuberculin skin test (TST) and a newer interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA).

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γ-干扰素释放试验诊断儿童潜伏性肺结核感染的验证和临床应用。
背景:印度的结核病负担最高,占全球发病率的五分之一,占东南亚病例的三分之二,估计每年新增190万例。识别和治疗潜伏性结核病感染(LTBI)可以将活动性疾病发展的风险降低90%,从而减少疾病流行的主要负担,从而减少未来的潜在来源。目的:通过结核菌素皮试(TST)和新的干扰素γ释放试验(IGRA)早期诊断LTBI。材料和方法:将77名临床无症状的确诊肺结核患者(≤18岁)的家庭接触者纳入研究,比较TST和IGRA诊断LTBI的性能。在基线时,所有参与者都接受了IGRA和TST检测。结果:TST显示阳性率为22%,而IGRA在诊断潜伏性结核病时显示阳性率40%。95%置信区间下的Kappa值为0.4753,表明两种测试之间存在适度一致性。这表明IGRA是潜在结核病的一个更好的预测指标。在两次测试中,16-18岁年龄组的阳性率最高,随后为1-5岁。目的:通过结核菌素皮试(TST)和新的干扰素γ释放试验(IGRA)早期诊断LTBI。
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