Women's Employment in Industries and Risk of Preeclampsia and Gestational Diabetes: A National Population Study of Republic of Korea

IF 3.5 3区医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Safety and Health at Work Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI:10.1016/j.shaw.2023.08.002

Jeong-Won Oh , Seyoung Kim , Jung-won Yoon , Taemi Kim , Myoung-Hee Kim , Jia Ryu , Seung-Ah Choe

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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Background

Some working conditions may pose a higher physical or psychological demand to pregnant women leading to increased risks of pregnancy complications.

Objectives

We assessed the association of woman's employment status and the industrial classification with obstetric complications.

Methods

We conducted a national population study using the National Health Information Service database of Republic of Korea. Our analysis encompassed 1,316,310 women who experienced first-order live births in 2010–2019. We collected data on the employment status and the industrial classification of women, as well as their diagnoses of preeclampsia (PE) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) classified as A1 (well controlled by diet) or A2 (requiring medication). We calculated odds ratios (aORs) of complications per employment, and each industrial classification was adjusted for individual risk factors.

Results

Most (64.7%) were in employment during pregnancy. Manufacturing (16.4%) and the health and social (16.2%) work represented the most prevalent industries. The health and social work exhibited a higher risk of PE (aOR = 1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–1.21), while the manufacturing industry demonstrated a higher risk of class A2 GDM (1.20, 95% CI: 1.03–1.41) than financial intermediation. When analyzing both classes of GDM, women who worked in public administration and defense/social security showed higher risk of class A1 GDM (1.04, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.07). When comparing high-risk industries with nonemployment, the health and social work showed a comparable risk of PE (1.02, 95% CI: 0.97, 1.07).

Conclusion

Employment was associated with overall lower risks of obstetric complications. Health and social service work can counteract the healthy worker effect in relation to PE. This highlights the importance of further elucidating specific occupational risk factors within the high-risk industries.

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妇女在工业中的就业与先兆子痫和妊娠期糖尿病的风险：大韩民国的一项全国人口研究。

背景：一些工作条件可能对孕妇的身体或心理需求更高，导致妊娠并发症的风险增加。目的：我们评估了妇女的就业状况和行业分类与产科并发症的关系。方法：我们使用大韩民国国家卫生信息服务数据库进行了一项全国人口研究。我们的分析涵盖了2010-2019年经历一级活产的1316310名妇女。我们收集了女性的就业状况和行业分类数据，以及她们对先兆子痫（PE）和妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）的诊断，分类为A1（饮食控制良好）或A2（需要药物治疗）。我们计算了每次工作并发症的比值比（aOR），并根据个人风险因素对每个行业分类进行了调整。结果：大多数（64.7%）在怀孕期间就业。制造业（16.4%）和卫生和社会工作（16.2%）是最普遍的行业。健康和社会工作表现出更高的PE风险（aOR=1.11，95%置信区间[CI]：1.03-1.21），而制造业表现出比金融中介更高的A2类GDM风险（1.20，95%可信区间：1.03-1.41）。在分析两类GDM时，在公共行政和国防/社会保障部门工作的女性患A1类GDM的风险更高（1.04，95%CI:1.01，1.07），健康和社会工作显示PE的风险相当（1.02，95%CI:0.97，1.07）。结论：就业与产科并发症的总体风险较低有关。卫生和社会服务工作可以抵消与体育相关的健康工作者效应。这突出了进一步阐明高风险行业中特定职业风险因素的重要性。

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来源期刊

Safety and Health at Work Social Sciences-Safety Research

CiteScore

6.40

自引率

5.70%

发文量

1080

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Safety and Health at Work (SH@W) is an international, peer-reviewed, interdisciplinary journal published quarterly in English beginning in 2010. The journal is aimed at providing grounds for the exchange of ideas and data developed through research experience in the broad field of occupational health and safety. Articles may deal with scientific research to improve workers'' health and safety by eliminating occupational accidents and diseases, pursuing a better working life, and creating a safe and comfortable working environment. The journal focuses primarily on original articles across the whole scope of occupational health and safety, but also welcomes up-to-date review papers and short communications and commentaries on urgent issues and case studies on unique epidemiological survey, methods of accident investigation, and analysis. High priority will be given to articles on occupational epidemiology, medicine, hygiene, toxicology, nursing and health services, work safety, ergonomics, work organization, engineering of safety (mechanical, electrical, chemical, and construction), safety management and policy, and studies related to economic evaluation and its social policy and organizational aspects. Its abbreviated title is Saf Health Work.