Development and experimental verification of the new WHA sinters intended for kinetic energy projectiles

IF 1.9 4区工程技术 Q3 MECHANICS Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics Pub Date : 2023-07-11 DOI:10.1007/s00161-023-01241-9

Olgierd Goroch, Zbigniew Gulbinowicz, Mariusz Magier, Ewa Bednarczyk, Paweł Skoczylas, Zygmunt Pankowski, Pawel Sweklej, Pawel Zochowski, Wieslaw Jedrzejewski

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Abstract

Depleted uranium (DU) and tungsten heavy alloys (WHA) are commonly used as kinetic energy projectiles penetrators due to their excellent properties such as remarkably high density and strength which significantly affect their armor penetration capabilities. This article presents the results of laboratory and field tests of the new WHA sinter which summarize the results of a development project intended to increase the strength of the above-mentioned sinters used in the production of kinetic ammunition. The alloy with the composition W91–6Ni–3Co was used for the tests. The obtained alloy was subjected to cold swaging deformation with reduction of 25%. The parameters of individual technological processes were determined based on previous research. These studies concerned the impact of the degree of cold swaging deformation on the mechanical properties of the 91W–6Ni–3Co alloy. The above-mentioned work presents the results of UTS test, Charpy impact strength measurement, hardness and microhardness measurement, and the results of WHA microscopic observations in two states: after heat treatment and the final state after cold swaging deformation with reduction of: 25%. The next purpose of the research was to check the strength and functioning of the new WHA rods used in 120 mm sub-caliber projectiles. This examination was crucial for the completion of this research project, and its results enabled a synthesis of laboratory results and experimental tests.

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动能弹新型WHA烧结体的研制与实验验证

贫铀（DU）和钨重合金（WHA）由于其优异的性能，如显著的高密度和强度，通常被用作动能弹穿甲弹，这会显著影响其装甲穿透能力。本文介绍了新型WHA烧结体的实验室和现场试验结果，总结了旨在提高动能弹药生产中使用的上述烧结体强度的开发项目的结果。采用成分为W91–6Ni–3Co的合金进行试验。对所获得的合金进行冷锻变形，降低25%。单个工艺过程的参数是在先前研究的基础上确定的。这些研究涉及冷锻变形程度对91W–6Ni–3Co合金力学性能的影响。上述工作介绍了UTS试验、夏比冲击强度测量、硬度和显微硬度测量的结果，以及在两种状态下的WHA微观观察结果：热处理后和冷锻变形后的最终状态（降低25%）。研究的下一个目的是检查用于120毫米亚口径炮弹的新型WHA棒的强度和功能。这项检查对完成这一研究项目至关重要，其结果使实验室结果和实验测试得以综合。

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来源期刊

Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics 物理-力学

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

15.40%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： This interdisciplinary journal provides a forum for presenting new ideas in continuum and quasi-continuum modeling of systems with a large number of degrees of freedom and sufficient complexity to require thermodynamic closure. Major emphasis is placed on papers attempting to bridge the gap between discrete and continuum approaches as well as micro- and macro-scales, by means of homogenization, statistical averaging and other mathematical tools aimed at the judicial elimination of small time and length scales. The journal is particularly interested in contributions focusing on a simultaneous description of complex systems at several disparate scales. Papers presenting and explaining new experimental findings are highly encouraged. The journal welcomes numerical studies aimed at understanding the physical nature of the phenomena. Potential subjects range from boiling and turbulence to plasticity and earthquakes. Studies of fluids and solids with nonlinear and non-local interactions, multiple fields and multi-scale responses, nontrivial dissipative properties and complex dynamics are expected to have a strong presence in the pages of the journal. An incomplete list of featured topics includes: active solids and liquids, nano-scale effects and molecular structure of materials, singularities in fluid and solid mechanics, polymers, elastomers and liquid crystals, rheology, cavitation and fracture, hysteresis and friction, mechanics of solid and liquid phase transformations, composite, porous and granular media, scaling in statics and dynamics, large scale processes and geomechanics, stochastic aspects of mechanics. The journal would also like to attract papers addressing the very foundations of thermodynamics and kinetics of continuum processes. Of special interest are contributions to the emerging areas of biophysics and biomechanics of cells, bones and tissues leading to new continuum and thermodynamical models.