Establishment and validation of symptomatic patients colorectal screening score for predicting colorectal neoplasia risk

Abstract

Objectives

Currently, most colorectal neoplasia (CRN) screening strategies target asymptomatic individuals. However, studies on patients with non-specific gastrointestinal symptoms (NSGS) are limited. We aimed to develop a CRN risk score specifically for patients with NSGS.

Methods

We prospectively enrolled patients who underwent initial colonoscopy between June 2020 and June 2021. A new risk scoring system was constructed and its applicability was evaluated.

Results

A total of 1522 consecutive patients were enrolled, among whom 1016 symptomatic patients were randomly divided into a training cohort and a validation cohort at a ratio of 7:3. The constructed Symptomatic Patients Colorectal Screening (SPCS) score showed higher diagnostic efficacy and sensitivity than several previous scoring systems. Using the SPCS score, the patients were divided into a low-risk group (−2 to 3 points) and a high-risk group (4–10 points) for CRN. Additionally, the detection rate of CRN in the training and validation cohorts of the high-risk group were 41.7% and 37.0%, respectively. The SPCS score detected 79.3% (188/237) of CRN and 87.5% (42/48) of advanced CRN in the high-risk group, which reduced the workload of colonoscopy to 45.9% (466/1016).

Conclusion

An effective CRN risk scoring system was established and validated for symptomatic patients, which accurately classified individuals into low-risk and high-risk groups for CRN and might be used to optimize colonoscopic resource allocation.