Regional expansion of the beef industry in Brazil: from the coast to the Amazon, 1966–2017

IF 1.7 Q2 GEOGRAPHY Regional Studies Regional Science Pub Date : 2022-10-31 DOI:10.1080/21681376.2022.2130088
R. Vale, P. Vale, H. Gibbs, Daniel Pedrón, Jens Engelmann, Ritaumaria Pereira, P. Barreto
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

ABSTRACT A regional approach to the study of Brazil’s beef industry is increasingly relevant as deforestation takes centre stage in policy debates worldwide. To what extent has beef production expanded toward regions hosting sensitive ecosystems such as the Amazon? Important data limitations remain to answer this question, especially regarding slaughterhouses, fundamental to the beef supply chain. This paper addresses the data gap on slaughterhouse location and history and provides novel regional analysis. We map the beef industry’s evolution into Brazil’s interior over the last six decades and quantify changes in market concentration between 2006 and 2016. To accomplish this, we triangulated across fiscal and animal sanitation data sources to produce the first longitudinal dataset with information on the opening and closing dates, locations, and production volumes of 2602 slaughterhouses. We show the linear movement of slaughterhouses and cattle herds to the Amazon by tracking their geographical centres of gravity. We also show the clustering pattern of slaughterhouses. Until the 1960s, all the geographical clusters were located south of the capital, Brasília. By the early 2000s, clusters north of Brasília were almost as extensive. Finally, we assessed the degree of market power that the largest beef-processing companies possess. The results indicate that market concentration increased in regions of more recent settlement further away from the coast, and that it remained relatively stable in states near the coast (Minas Gerais, São Paulo). The results shed light on the relationship between displacement toward the Amazon and Cerrado regions and economic concentration.
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巴西牛肉产业的区域扩张:从沿海到亚马逊,1966-2017
随着森林砍伐在全球政策辩论中占据中心位置,研究巴西牛肉产业的区域方法变得越来越重要。牛肉生产在多大程度上向亚马逊等生态系统敏感的地区扩张?重要的数据限制仍然无法回答这个问题,特别是关于屠宰场,牛肉供应链的基础。本文解决了屠宰场位置和历史上的数据差距,并提供了新的区域分析。我们绘制了过去60年巴西内陆牛肉产业的演变图,并量化了2006年至2016年间市场集中度的变化。为了实现这一目标,我们对财政和动物卫生数据源进行了三角测量,生成了第一个纵向数据集,其中包含有关2602家屠宰场开业和关闭日期、地点和产量的信息。我们通过追踪它们的地理重心来展示屠宰场和牛群向亚马逊的线性运动。我们还展示了屠宰场的集群模式。直到20世纪60年代,所有的地理集群都位于首都Brasília的南部。到21世纪初,Brasília以北的集群几乎同样广泛。最后,我们评估了最大的牛肉加工公司所拥有的市场力量程度。结果表明,市场集中度在远离海岸的最近定居地区有所增加,而在靠近海岸的州(米纳斯吉拉斯州,圣保罗州)保持相对稳定。研究结果揭示了向亚马逊和塞拉多地区迁移与经济集中度之间的关系。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.00
自引率
15.80%
发文量
49
审稿时长
18 weeks
期刊介绍: Regional Studies, Regional Science is an interdisciplinary open access journal from the Regional Studies Association, first published in 2014. We particularly welcome submissions from authors working on regional issues in geography, economics, planning, and political science. The journal features a streamlined peer-review process and quick turnaround times from submission to acceptance. Authors will normally receive a decision on their manuscript within 60 days of submission.
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