LITHOLOGY CONTROLS AMMONOID SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS

IF 1.5 4区 地球科学 Q2 GEOLOGY Palaios Pub Date : 2022-12-29 DOI:10.2110/palo.2021.063
K. De Baets, E. Jarochowska, Stella Zora Buchwald, C. Klug, D. Korn
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Abstract: Body-size distributions of organisms across environments in space and time are a powerful source of information on ecological and evolutionary processes. However, most studies only focus on selected parameters of size distributions (e.g., central tendency or extremes) and rarely take into account entire distributions and how they are affected by the collection style and facies. Here we analyze the impact of facies, region, taxonomy, and collection style over size distributions using diameter as a proxy of Late Devonian ammonoids in their entirety using non-metric multidimensional scaling and PERMANOVA based on Kolmogorov distance. The effects are then compared with effects on mean sizes. In all analyses, lithology was the dominant effect, with sizes greater by 59% in marls and by 33% in limestones, as compared to black shales. The effect of complete sampling style was a decrease in size by 11%. Kurtosis was an important parameter differentiating size distributions, with platykurtic distributions in marls and leptokurtic distributions in limestones, suggesting that this parameter may reflect different degrees of time averaging. Most size distributions were positively skewed, but most strongly in marls. Complete sampling led to skewness values close to zero (symmetrical distributions) and high kurtosis. Samples from higher paleolatitudes were on average smaller, but contained outliers with the largest sizes, highlighting the need to analyze entire distributions. Lithology and collection differences need to be accounted for when evaluating size differences across space (polar gigantism) and time (Lilliput effect). Similarly, differences in facies may affect species determination.
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岩性控制菊石粒度分布
摘要:生物体在空间和时间上的体型分布是生态和进化过程信息的强大来源。然而,大多数研究只关注尺寸分布的选定参数(例如,中心趋势或极端),很少考虑整个分布以及它们如何受到采集样式和相的影响。在这里,我们使用非度量多维标度和基于Kolmogorov距离的PERMANOVA,分析了岩相、区域、分类学和采集风格对大小分布的影响,使用直径作为晚泥盆纪菊石整体的代表。然后将这些影响与对平均尺寸的影响进行比较。在所有分析中,岩性是主要影响因素,与黑色页岩相比,泥灰岩和石灰岩的尺寸分别增加了59%和33%。完全采样方式的效果是尺寸减小了11%。峰度是区分大小分布的一个重要参数,在泥灰岩中有板状峰度分布,在石灰岩中有细峰度分布。这表明该参数可能反映了不同程度的时间平均。大多数粒度分布呈正偏态,但在泥灰岩中分布最为强烈。完全采样导致偏度值接近零(对称分布)和高峰度。来自高古纬度地区的样本平均较小,但包含最大尺寸的异常值,这突出了分析整个分布的必要性。在评估空间(极性巨人症)和时间(小人国效应)之间的尺寸差异时,需要考虑岩性和采集差异。同样,相的差异可能会影响物种的确定。
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来源期刊
Palaios
Palaios 地学-地质学
CiteScore
2.80
自引率
12.50%
发文量
40
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: PALAIOS is a monthly journal, founded in 1986, dedicated to emphasizing the impact of life on Earth''s history as recorded in the paleontological and sedimentological records. PALAIOS disseminates information to an international spectrum of geologists and biologists interested in a broad range of topics, including, but not limited to, biogeochemistry, ichnology, paleoclimatology, paleoecology, paleoceanography, sedimentology, stratigraphy, geomicrobiology, paleobiogeochemistry, and astrobiology. PALAIOS publishes original papers that emphasize using paleontology to answer important geological and biological questions that further our understanding of Earth history. Accordingly, manuscripts whose subject matter and conclusions have broader geologic implications are much more likely to be selected for publication. Given that the purpose of PALAIOS is to generate enthusiasm for paleontology among a broad spectrum of readers, the editors request the following: titles that generate immediate interest; abstracts that emphasize important conclusions; illustrations of professional caliber used in place of words; and lively, yet scholarly, text.
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