Enforcement Failures and Remedies: Review on State Jurisdiction over Ships at Sea

Jiancuo Qi, Pengfei Zhang
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Abstract

The 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea admitted legislation and enforcement jurisdiction carried out by the flag state. However, the emergence of substandard ships and the growing number of ship accidents at sea indicate that flag state jurisdiction is far from effective. Four aspects of these failures are examined in this paper. Confronted with the failure of flag state jurisdiction, port states have devised a subsidiary remedy to ensure their national interests and restore the effectiveness of flag state jurisdiction. A problem hereunder arises because non-explicit permission was given to port states to prosecute substandard ships. Thus, this paper further analyses four aspects of port state jurisdiction. The authors aim to analyse the failures and remedies associated with state jurisdiction over ships. It reviews the scope and deficiency of state jurisdiction in combatting substandard ships and illicit activities at sea. This paper also addresses the importance of port state control, regional memorandums of understanding and international conventions.
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执法失误与补救:国家对海上船舶管辖权的审查
1982年《联合国海洋法公约》承认由船旗国行使立法和执法管辖权。然而,不合格船舶的出现和日益增多的海上船舶事故表明,船旗国的管辖权远远不够有效。本文从四个方面分析了这些失效。面对船旗国管辖权的失效,港口国设计了一种辅助救济,以确保其国家利益,恢复船旗国管辖权的有效性。这就产生了一个问题,因为没有明确允许港口国起诉不合格的船舶。因此,本文进一步分析了港口国管辖权的四个方面。作者旨在分析与船舶国家管辖权相关的失效和补救措施。它审查了国家管辖权在打击不合标准船舶和海上非法活动方面的范围和不足。本文还讨论了港口国控制、区域谅解备忘录和国际公约的重要性。
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CiteScore
0.40
自引率
50.00%
发文量
8
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