Prediction of Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Isolated Coronary Artery Ectasia

Abstract

Background: Coronary artery ectasia is abnormal dilatation of a segment of coronary artery to 1.5 times or more the size of adjacent normal segment, in patients with CAE the adverse outcomes could be anticipated from their risk profiles using risk scoring systems like metabolic and Framingham risk scoring systems. Objective: to determine the risk factors and predictors of adverse cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery ectasia without obstructive CAD using metabolic syndrome risk score and Framingham risk score. Methods: The study was conducted on 187 patients, 36 patients with angiographic evidence of isolated coronary artery ectasia and 151 controls. All patients were subjected to detailed history, physical examination, laboratory investigations, electrocardiography, conventional echocardiography, diagnostic coronary angiography and follow up by metabolic, Framingham risk scores and TIMI flow. Results: We used M$S and FRS to stratify the risk of all the patients. However, none of them showed any significant difference between the 2 groups. However, in correlating between these different scores and the different ectatic segments in number and sizes; only TIMI flow had the significant correlation (P <0.001). TIMI flow was the main significant variable when correlating to the incidence of cardiovascular events (P <0.001). However, FRS and M$S had no significant correlation to it (P 0.6) Conclusion: TIMI flow was the main significant predictor of cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery ectasia however, FRS and M$S had no role in prediction or risk stratification in CAE patients.