High-efficient removal of tetrabromobisphenol A from waste mobile phone printed circuit boards leached solution by micellar enhanced ultrafiltration

IF 1.3 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Environmental Health Engineering and Management Journal Pub Date : 2023-02-04 DOI:10.34172/ehem.2023.11
Fatemeh Sahlabadi, A. Eslami, N. Alavi, M. Sadani, M. Torabbeigi, M. Arshadi
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Abstract

Background: Tetrabrombisphenol A (TBBPA) is one of the major brominated flame retardants (BFRs) used in waste mobile phone printed circuit boards (WMPPCB) that accounts for approximately 60% of the total BFR market. Methods: The potential of TBBPA removal from WMPPCB leached solution was investigated using micelle-enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) in the presence of cationic, anionic, and nonionic surfactants. The efficiency of several parameters including surfactant concentration, transmembrane pressure (TMP), pH, and TBBPA concentration, was evaluated to improve the MEUF. The optimal conditions were used to assess the MEUF for removing TBBPA in a real sample. Results: The cationic surfactant cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) showed better performance than other surfactants in removing TBBPA due to its electrostatic interactions with anionic forms of TBBPA. The removal efficiency of TBBPA increased from 48.99% to 99.10% by adding a surfactant (less than the critical micelle concentration). Increasing the pH in the range of 5 to 11 increased the efficiency of TBBPA removal due to the increase in the TBBPA solubility in the micelles. TMP had the most significant effect on permeate flux compared to other parameters but did not significantly affect the TBBPA removal efficiency. The MEUF process effectively removed (above 99%) TBBPA in the concentration range of 20 to 80 mg L-1 under optimal conditions. The HPLC-UV analysis of the real sample indicated the removal efficiency of 100% of TBBPA. Conclusion: MEUF using CPC is a critical performance technology for removing TBBPA from the leached solution of electronic waste.
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胶束强化超滤法高效去除废弃手机印刷电路板浸出液中的四溴双酚A
背景:四溴双酚A(TBBPA)是废旧手机印刷电路板(WMPPCB)中使用的主要溴化阻燃剂之一,约占BFR总市场的60%。方法:在阳离子、阴离子和非离子表面活性剂存在下,采用胶束增强超滤(MEUF)研究了从WMPPCB浸出液中去除TBBPA的潜力。评估了表面活性剂浓度、跨膜压力(TMP)、pH和TBBPA浓度等几个参数对改善MEUF的效率。使用最佳条件来评估MEUF在实际样品中去除TBBPA的效果。结果:阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基氯化吡啶(CPC)由于与阴离子型TBBPA的静电相互作用,在去除TBBPA方面表现出比其他表面活性剂更好的性能。通过添加表面活性剂(低于临界胶束浓度),TBBPA的去除率从48.99%提高到99.10%。由于TBBPA在胶束中的溶解度增加,将pH增加到5至11的范围增加了TBBPA去除的效率。与其他参数相比,TMP对渗透通量的影响最为显著,但对TBBPA的去除效率没有显著影响。在最佳条件下,在20至80mg L-1的浓度范围内,MEUF工艺有效地去除了(99%以上)TBBPA。实际样品的HPLC-UV分析表明TBBPA的去除率为100%。结论:采用CPC的MEUF是去除电子垃圾浸出液中TBBPA的关键性能技术。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.40
自引率
37.50%
发文量
17
审稿时长
12 weeks
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