Hume and Induction: Merely Cognitive Psychology?

IF 0.3 4区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Hume Studies Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI:10.1353/hms.2023.0011
G. Dicker
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Abstract

Abstract:The purpose of Hume’s argument about induction, contra “literalist” interpretations that see it merely as psychology, is to show that induction cannot be justified. Hume maintains that the only way to justify induction would be to demonstrate or to produce a good inductive argument for the uniformity principle (UP). His most famous point is that any attempt to justify UP inductively would be circular. One may retort that no inductive argument can be circular, for a circular argument must be deductively valid. But there is a sense in which a purely inductive argument for UP is circular: it uses induction for the purpose of justifying induction. Therefore, the literalist interpretation cannot be right. For if the argument can be circular only if its purpose is to justify induction, and Hume has shown that it is circular, then its purpose must be to justify induction, and Hume shows that this cannot be done.
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休谟与归纳法:仅仅是认知心理学?
摘要:休谟关于归纳法的论证,与将归纳法仅仅视为心理学的“字面主义”解释相反,其目的是表明归纳法不能被证明是正当的。休谟坚持认为,证明归纳法的唯一方法是为一致性原则(UP)证明或提出一个好的归纳法论证。他最著名的观点是,任何试图用归纳的方式证明UP的做法都是循环的。有人可能会反驳说,归纳论证不可能是循环的,因为循环论证必须是演绎有效的。但是在某种意义上,一个纯归纳法的论证是循环的:它使用归纳法来证明归纳法的正确性。因此,字面解释不可能是正确的。因为如果论证是循环的,只有当它的目的是证明归纳法的合理性,而休谟已经证明了它是循环的,那么它的目的一定是证明归纳法的合理性,而休谟证明了这是不可能的。
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The Testimony of Sense: Empiricism and the Essay from Hume to Hazlitt by Tim Milnes (review) Hume as Regularity Theorist—After All! Completing a Counter-Revolution Hume on Self-Government and Strength of Mind Hume beyond Theism and Atheism Hume's Theory of Moral Judgment in Light of His Explanatory Project
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