Water and power in South Arabia: the excavation of “Monumental Building 1” (MB1) at Sumhuram (Sultanate of Oman)

IF 0.7 4区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy Pub Date : 2020-06-22 DOI:10.1111/aae.12159
Michele Degli Esposti, Alexia Pavan
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Abstract

The ancient port city of Sumhuram (Dhofar Governorate, Sultanate of Oman) has been the focus of over 20 years of research by the Italian Mission to Oman (IMTO), University of Pisa, in collaboration with the Office of the Adviser to His Majesty the Sultan for Cultural Affairs (Muscat-Salalah, Sultanate of Oman). Excavation has revealed most of the town layout, leading to the identification of several buildings, alleyways, squares and workshops, among which two massive buildings stand out, significantly named by the excavators as “Monumental Building” 1 and 2 (MB1 and MB2). This paper presents the results of the excavation inside MB1, characterised by the presence of the only well discovered within the city walls, which was previously interpreted alternatively as a palace or as a temple. The architectural development of the building, its distinctive features, the archaeological material discovered inside it, and its chronology will be discussed. These results highlight the absence of fitting parallels from other ancient South Arabian towns. Overall, it is clear that access to, management of, and control over the water supply of the town represented a key asset which justified the huge investment in workforce and building materials that is reflected in the monumental architecture of this edifice.

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南阿拉伯的水与电:苏姆拉姆(阿曼苏丹国)“纪念性建筑1号”(MB1)的发掘
意大利驻阿曼使团(IMTO)、比萨大学与苏丹陛下文化事务顾问办公室(阿曼苏丹国马斯喀特-塞拉莱)合作,20多年来一直关注着古老的港口城市苏姆胡拉姆(阿曼苏丹国佐法尔省)。挖掘已揭示了大部分城镇的布局,辨认出几座建筑、小巷、广场和车间,其中两座巨大的建筑引人注目,挖掘者将其命名为“纪念性建筑”1号和2号(MB1和MB2)。本文介绍了MB1内部的挖掘结果,其特点是在城墙内发现了唯一的一口井,以前被解释为宫殿或寺庙。该建筑的建筑发展,其独特的特点,考古材料发现在它里面,它的年代将被讨论。这些结果突出了其他古阿拉伯城镇中缺乏合适的相似之处。总的来说,很明显,对城镇供水的获取、管理和控制是一项关键资产,这证明了在劳动力和建筑材料上的巨大投资是合理的,这反映在这座大厦的纪念性建筑上。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.00
自引率
20.00%
发文量
19
期刊介绍: In recent years the Arabian peninsula has emerged as one of the major new frontiers of archaeological research in the Old World. Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy is a forum for the publication of studies in the archaeology, epigraphy, numismatics, and early history of Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen. Both original articles and short communications in English, French, and German are published, ranging in time from prehistory to the Islamic era.
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