Rawls in the mangrove: Perceptions of justice in nature‐based solutions projects

Abstract

1. Adapting to and mitigating against climate change requires the protection and expansion of natural carbon sinks, especially ecosystems with exceptional carbon density such as mangrove forests (an example of ‘blue carbon’). Projects that do this are called ‘nature-based solutions’ (NbS). 2. International norms regulating NbS stipulate the importance of justice, in contrast with some of the history and practice in wider conservation. However, what justice means and how it manifests in practice remain contentious. 3. Selling carbon credits on the voluntary market is a growing source of funding for NbS. A large literature examines