Enhancement of Rotor Loading and Suppression of Stator Separation through Reduction of the Blade–Row Gap

Abstract

An immersed boundary (IB) method is applied to study the effect of the blade–row gap in a low-speed single-stage compressor. The advantage of using an IB method is that the rotor/stator interface can be eliminated and, thus, the blade–row interaction can be considered at an extremely small gap. The IB method was modified to internal-flow problems, and the adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) technique, together with a wall model, used to facilitate the simulations for high Reynolds-number flows. The results showed that both the pressure rise and the efficiency were observed to be higher in the smaller-gap cases. Comparisons between the results of two gaps, 35%ca and 3.5%ca, are highlighted and further analysis at a specific flow coefficient showed that the increase of the stage performance was contributed to by the enhancement of rotor loading and the suppression to the flow separation of the stator. Correspondingly, the increases of the total pressure rise on the rotor and the stator outlets were observed to be 0.5% and 4.3%, respectively. Although the increase on the rotor outlet is much lower than that on the stator outlet, its significance is that a higher level of static pressure is formed near the hub of the gap, which, thus, reduces the adverse pressure gradient of this region in the stator passage. This improvement suppresses the flow separation near the hub of the stator and, thereby, results in a considerable increase to the pressure rise on the stator outlet as a consequence. The effect of the gap on unsteady pressure fluctuation is also presented.