Transactional associations of child irritability and anxiety with parent psychological control in Taiwanese school-aged children

JCPP advances Pub Date : 2023-08-11 DOI:10.1002/jcv2.12192
Ka Shu Lee, Eli R. Lebowitz, Wendy K. Silverman, Wan-Ling Tseng
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Abstract

Background

Child irritability and anxiety are associated with parent psychological control; yet their transactional relations over time are not well-characterized at the within-person level. Research addressing generalizability of past Western-based literature in non-Western, collectivist community samples is lacking.

Methods

Sample comprised 285 children aged 8.8–11.4 years (145 girls; Mage = 9.9 years, SD = 0.6) in Northern Taiwan. Participants were assessed at baseline (T1), 6-month (T2), and 12-month (T3) follow-ups. Child irritability and anxiety symptoms were assessed using parent-rated Child Behavior Checklist. Parent psychological control was assessed using the parent- and child-rated Psychological Control Scale. Within-person processes were specified using the random-intercept cross-lagged panel models.

Results

Models showed that psychological control predicted increased child irritability when analyzing parenting data from parents and children. However, the lagged effect from psychological control to child anxiety was only seen in parent-rated parenting data. We found limited evidence for a back-and-forth transactional pathway among constructs. Child irritability predicted increased child anxiety in all models.

Conclusions

Directional effects from psychological control to child irritability and anxiety support parent-involved interventions that prioritize collaborative parenting and positive reinforcement techniques. Future validations in combined clinical and typically developing samples and direct cross-cultural comparisons are warranted.

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台湾学龄儿童易怒、焦虑与父母心理控制的交易关联
儿童易怒、焦虑与家长心理控制有关;然而,随着时间的推移,他们的交易关系并没有在个人层面上得到很好的表征。关于过去以西方为基础的文献在非西方集体主义社区样本中的普遍性的研究是缺乏的。样本包括285名年龄在8.8-11.4岁之间的儿童(145名女孩;Mage = 9.9年,SD = 0.6)。参与者在基线(T1)、6个月(T2)和12个月(T3)随访时进行评估。使用家长评定的儿童行为检查表评估儿童易怒和焦虑症状。家长心理控制采用家长-儿童心理控制量表进行评估。使用随机截距交叉滞后面板模型指定了人内部过程。在分析父母和孩子的育儿数据时,模型显示心理控制预示着孩子易怒的增加。然而,心理控制对儿童焦虑的滞后效应仅在父母评价的育儿数据中可见。我们发现有限的证据表明构念之间存在来回交易通路。在所有模型中,儿童易怒预示着儿童焦虑的增加。从心理控制到儿童易怒和焦虑的定向效应支持家长参与的干预,优先考虑合作育儿和积极强化技术。未来联合临床和典型发展样本的验证和直接跨文化比较是有必要的。
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