City States in the Later Medieval Mediterranean World

IF 1.8 1区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Past & Present Pub Date : 2021-10-13 DOI:10.1093/pastj/gtab004
Patrick Lantschner
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

This article offers a comparative study of city states in the Christian and Islamic spheres of the later medieval Mediterranean world, with a particular focus on Italy, Syria and al-Andalus. Medieval city states are not usually associated with the Islamic world, but rather with a narrative that has foregrounded the exceptional nature of European cities in world history, especially the famous city republics in Northern and Central Italy, and the role that city states played in the formation of European states. Yet city states were a phenomenon that could be observed across urbanized regions of the Mediterranean world where cities turned into important political arenas in the context of sustained political fragmentation. City states are best approached as political systems that were characterized by brittle regimes and experienced high levels of political volatility: they often lacked a clear boundary between the ‘inside’ and ‘outside’ of city states and were characterized by the multiple political organizations that crystallized in, and fought hard to control, urban political space. The most commonly shared type of political organization in city states was the urban lordship, but city-based lords usually found themselves in intense competition with elite-based collective associations, families and factions, and popular political organizations.
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中世纪晚期地中海世界的城邦
本文对中世纪晚期地中海世界的基督教和伊斯兰领域的城邦进行了比较研究,特别关注意大利、叙利亚和安达卢斯。中世纪的城邦通常与伊斯兰世界无关,而是与世界历史上欧洲城市的特殊性质有关,尤其是意大利北部和中部著名的城市共和国,以及城邦在欧洲国家形成过程中所起的作用。然而,在地中海世界的城市化地区,城市国家是一种可以观察到的现象,在持续的政治分裂背景下,城市变成了重要的政治舞台。城邦最好被视为一种政治制度,其特点是政权脆弱,经历了高度的政治波动:它们往往缺乏城邦“内部”和“外部”之间的明确界限,其特点是在城市政治空间中形成多种政治组织,并努力控制这些组织。城邦中最常见的政治组织类型是城市领主,但以城市为基础的领主通常发现自己与以精英为基础的集体协会,家庭和派别以及大众政治组织进行激烈竞争。
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来源期刊
Past & Present
Past & Present Multiple-
CiteScore
2.80
自引率
5.60%
发文量
49
期刊介绍: Founded in 1952, Past & Present is widely acknowledged to be the liveliest and most stimulating historical journal in the English-speaking world. The journal offers: •A wide variety of scholarly and original articles on historical, social and cultural change in all parts of the world. •Four issues a year, each containing five or six major articles plus occasional debates and review essays. •Challenging work by young historians as well as seminal articles by internationally regarded scholars. •A range of articles that appeal to specialists and non-specialists, and communicate the results of the most recent historical research in a readable and lively form. •A forum for debate, encouraging productive controversy.
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