FEATURES OF RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ULTRASTRUCTURES OF THE ENERGY CAPABILITY PROFILE OF FOLLICULAR THYROCYTES IN THE CORRECTION OF ALIMENTARY IODINE DEFICIENCY WITH A LOW DOSE OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC IODINE

Abstract

The considerable spread of dietary iodine deficiency and the medical and social significance of the pathology caused by it justifies the use of mathematical methods to study the specific activity of follicular thyrocytes when correcting the manifestations of hypothyroidism with iodine of different chemical nature. The aim of this research was to examine the features of the relationship between the energy direction ultrastructures of follicular thyrocytes when taking a low dose of organic and inorganic iodine under the conditions of dietary iodine deficiency. The study was conducted on the thyroid glands of 40 white nonlinear male rats with an initial body weight of 140-160 g using electron microscopy, linguistic description of electronograms, the method of semi-quantitative analysis of electronograms, the method of specifying the profiles of special capabilities of hormone-poietic cells, and correlation analysis. On the basis of designing the correlation portraits, the interpretation of the results from the standpoint of cytophysiology was carried out. Analysis of correlation portraits of the energy capability profile of follicular thyrocytes showed that low iodine intake of both drugs reduced the functional stress caused by iodine deficiency. This was indicated by changes in mitochondria: an increase in their number and ribosomes on their cristae, a decrease in degenerative changes, granular structure of the matrix, restoration of topographic connection with the rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. Normal iodine intake was characterized by very high (r=1.000) connections between the moderate number of mitochondria with their well-defined cristae and between the granular structure of the mitochondrial matrix with no degenerative changes in the mitochondria. When consuming inorganic iodine for the energy supply of follicular thyrocytes at a level sufficient for their activity, a very high (r=1.000) connection of round shape mitochondria with the existing topographic connection of mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus was indicated and high (r=0.881) association of moderate numbers of mitochondria with medium size mitochondria. Nevertheless, in a certain part of thyrocytes, such signs of functional stress as degenerative changes in mitochondria and their cristae, disturbance of topographic interaction of mitochondria with rough endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus remained. The studies have established a multilevel adaptation of follicular thyrocytes to function in adverse conditions while enriching the diet with a low dose of iodine increases their energy capability. Organic iodine consumed in low doses, more than inorganic iodine increases the energy supply of follicular thyrocytes’ specific activity.