The Coronavirus Calendar (CoronaCal): a simplified SARS-CoV-2 test system for sampling and retrospective analysis.

Frontiers in epidemiology Pub Date : 2023-05-23 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fepid.2023.1146006
Manija A Kazmi, David S Thaler, Karina C Åberg, Jordan M Mattheisen, Thomas Huber, Thomas P Sakmar
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Abstract

Objectives: To develop a biological diary (CoronaCal) that allows anyone in the community to collect and store serial saliva samples and chart symptoms on ordinary printer paper.

Methods: Diaries were analyzed for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA using established polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedures. CoronaCal diaries were distributed to volunteer subjects in the community during the peak of the COVID-19 outbreak in New York. Volunteers collected their own daily saliva samples and self-reported symptoms.

Results: SARS-CoV-2 RNA extracted from CoronaCals was measured using qPCR and RNA levels were correlated with reported symptoms. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in CoronaCals from nine of nine people with COVID-19 symptoms or exposure to someone with COVID-19, and not in one asymptomatic person. CoronaCals were stored for up to 70 days at room temperature during collection and then frozen for up to four months before analysis, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 RNA is stable once dried onto paper.

Conclusions: Sampling saliva on simple paper provides a useful method to study the natural history and epidemiology of COVID-19. The CoronaCal collection and testing method is easy to implement, inexpensive, non-invasive and scalable. The approach can inform the historical and epidemiological understanding of infections in individuals and populations.

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冠状病毒日历(CoronaCal):用于采样和回顾性分析的简化SARS-CoV-2检测系统
目的开发一种生物日记(CoronaCal),让社区中的任何人都可以收集和存储唾液序列样本,并在普通打印纸上绘制症状图。方法采用已建立的聚合酶链式反应(PCR)程序分析日记中是否存在严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型RNA。在纽约新冠肺炎疫情高峰期,冠状病毒日记被分发给社区的志愿者。志愿者们收集了自己的每日唾液样本和自我报告的症状。结果应用qPCR检测从冠状病毒中提取的严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型RNA,RNA水平与报告的症状相关。在9名有新冠肺炎症状或接触新冠肺炎患者的冠状病毒中检测到SARS-CoV-2 RNA,而不是在1名无症状患者中检测到。在收集过程中,冠状病毒在室温下储存长达70天,然后在分析前冷冻长达四个月,这表明严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型RNA在纸上干燥后是稳定的。结论简易纸片唾液采样为新冠肺炎的自然史和流行病学研究提供了一种有效的方法。CoronaCal采集和测试方法易于实施,价格低廉,无创且可扩展。这种方法可以为了解个人和人群感染的历史和流行病学提供信息。
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