Aplicar una distinción. Un programa sistémico-constructivista para la investigación social cualitativa

Anahí Urquiza, Marco Billi, T. Leal
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引用次数: 8

Abstract

At least since the XVIII century, the ‘problem of induction’, that is, how to justify the abstractions derived from any empirical observation, has been at the core of a fiery debate both within the philosophy of science, and the praxis of social sciences. Refuting the allegation of ‘empirical closure’ raised against Niklas Luhmann’s Social Systems Theory, we claim that it delivers a privileged epistemological and theoretical platform to face such a dilemma, since it highlights the necessary conditions to produce an ‘abductive’ reasoning. By way of discussing, on the one hand, Luhmann’s understanding of knowledge and science, and on the other, diverse attempts to apply empirically the systemic approach and integrate it with other analytical tools, the paper offers a general model to understand the role and relationships of the principles of theoretical plausibility and empirical grounding within social science research. Based on that, the article identifies the criteria of ‘isomorphism’, ‘perspectivism’, transparency’ and ‘iterability’ as indicators of scientific acceptability of a systemic-constructivist research, and offers orientations for the design of such a research.
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应用区别。定性社会研究的系统建构主义方案
至少自十八世纪以来,“归纳问题”,即如何证明任何实证观察得出的抽象概念的合理性,一直是科学哲学和社会科学实践中激烈辩论的核心。反驳了针对Niklas Luhmann的社会系统理论提出的“经验封闭”的指控,我们声称它提供了一个面对这种困境的特权认识论和理论平台,因为它突出了产生“绑架”推理的必要条件。一方面,通过讨论鲁曼对知识和科学的理解,另一方面,为了从经验上应用系统方法并将其与其他分析工具相结合,本文提供了一个通用的模型来理解理论合理性原则和经验基础原则在社会科学研究中的作用和关系。在此基础上,本文确定了“同构”、“透视主义”、“透明性”和“可迭代性”等标准作为系统建构主义研究的科学可接受性指标,并为系统建构主义的研究设计提供了方向。
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期刊介绍: The Journal Revista Mad - Universidad de Chile (www.revistamad.uchile.cl) is a biannual electronic publication sponsored by the Master in Systemic Analysis Applied to Society, belonging to the Faculty of Social Sciences of the University of Chile. The journal Revista Mad publishes original scientific papers in the field of social sciences, research advances, essays, book reviews and translations, in which theoretical perspectives and empirical approaches related to social systems theory and social constructivism, are applied. However, other theoretical perspectives, which contribute to Latin American social sciences, are also accepted.
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