Editorial: Biomedical nanotechnology in cancer diagnostics and treatment

IF 4.1 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Frontiers in Nanotechnology Pub Date : 2023-04-28 DOI:10.3389/fnano.2023.1208544
B. G. Prajapati, Sankha Bhattacharya
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Abstract

Our understanding and methodology of conducting medical research and therapeutic procedures have been completely changed by nanotechnology (Deshmukh, 2023). In recent years, the field of biomedical nanotechnology has experienced fast expansion, promising exciting new avenues for the detection and treatment of various diseases, including cancer (Yang and Jiao, 2023). In order to improve patient outcomes, nanotechnology has the potential to increase the accuracy of diagnostic and therapeutic methods in cancer research and therapy. This editorial’s goal is to look into developments in biomedical nanotechnology for the prevention and treatment of cancer. One of the most exciting uses of biomedical nanotechnology is cancer diagnostics. Invasive techniques like biopsies are routinely used in conventional cancer screening approaches, which can be painful for patients and have unfavourable outcomes. Nevertheless, nanoparticles offer an extremely sensitive, noninvasive method for cancer diagnosis (Raab et al., 2024). Nanoparticles are extremely sensitive and selective, and they can be engineered to target compounds, such as cancer biomarkers (Ren et al., 2024). Additionally, they can be engineered to have certain optical, magnetic, or electrical properties that make them perfect for use in diagnostic imaging procedures including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and positron emission tomography (PET) scans (Vélez et al., 2022). For instance, it has become possible to create gold nanoparticles that can target and bind to cancer cells, making it possible to scan and detect them. Similarly, iron oxide nanoparticles have been used in MRI to detect liver cancer cells. These nanoparticle-based imaging techniques enable earlier and more precise cancer diagnosis due to their excellent sensitivity and specificity. Nanoparticles have huge potential for cancer treatment as well as diagnosis (Larsen et al., 2024). Nanoparticles that particularly target cancer cells can be developed to deliver therapeutic medications directly to the tumour area. This targeted method can improve therapy efficacy while minimising unwanted effects on healthy tissues. One of the most promising nanoparticle-based cancer treatments is nanodrug delivery. Using nanoparticles, this approach delivers chemotherapy drugs directly to the tumour site (Ferrell et al., 2024). This targeted administration can increase therapy effectiveness while decreasing systemic toxicity by enhancing medication uptake by cancer cells. Nanoparticles can also be used to deliver a variety of cancer treatments, including radiation therapy and gene therapy. For instance, using gold nanoparticles to increase the radiation dose delivered to the tumour OPEN ACCESS
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社论:癌症诊断和治疗中的生物医学纳米技术
纳米技术彻底改变了我们对开展医学研究和治疗程序的理解和方法(Deshmukh, 2023年)。近年来,生物医学纳米技术领域经历了快速发展,为包括癌症在内的各种疾病的检测和治疗提供了令人兴奋的新途径(Yang and Jiao, 2023)。为了改善病人的治疗效果,纳米技术有可能提高癌症研究和治疗中诊断和治疗方法的准确性。这篇社论的目标是研究用于预防和治疗癌症的生物医学纳米技术的发展。生物医学纳米技术最令人兴奋的用途之一是癌症诊断。像活组织检查这样的侵入性技术通常用于传统的癌症筛查方法,这对患者来说可能是痛苦的,并且会产生不利的结果。然而,纳米颗粒为癌症诊断提供了一种极其敏感、无创的方法(Raab et al., 2024)。纳米粒子具有极高的敏感性和选择性,它们可以被设计成靶向化合物,如癌症生物标志物(Ren et al., 2024)。此外,它们可以被设计成具有一定的光学、磁性或电学特性,使它们完美地用于诊断成像程序,包括磁共振成像(MRI)、计算机断层扫描(CT)和正电子发射断层扫描(PET)扫描(vsamlez et al., 2022)。例如,已经有可能制造出可以瞄准并结合癌细胞的金纳米颗粒,从而使扫描和检测癌细胞成为可能。同样,氧化铁纳米颗粒也被用于MRI检测肝癌细胞。这些基于纳米颗粒的成像技术由于其出色的灵敏度和特异性,能够更早、更精确地诊断癌症。纳米粒子在癌症治疗和诊断方面具有巨大的潜力(Larsen et al., 2024)。可以开发出专门针对癌细胞的纳米颗粒,将治疗药物直接输送到肿瘤区域。这种有针对性的方法可以提高治疗效果,同时最大限度地减少对健康组织的不良影响。纳米药物输送是最有前途的基于纳米粒子的癌症治疗方法之一。使用纳米颗粒,这种方法将化疗药物直接输送到肿瘤部位(Ferrell等人,2024)。这种靶向给药可以提高治疗效果,同时通过增强癌细胞对药物的吸收来降低全身毒性。纳米粒子还可以用于多种癌症治疗,包括放射治疗和基因治疗。例如,使用金纳米颗粒来增加对肿瘤的辐射剂量
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来源期刊
Frontiers in Nanotechnology
Frontiers in Nanotechnology Engineering-Electrical and Electronic Engineering
CiteScore
7.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
96
审稿时长
13 weeks
期刊最新文献
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