Inscribed Ceremonial Dagger from a Princely Sarmatian Burial near the Village of Kosika in the Lower Volga Region

IF 0.3 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI:10.1163/15700577-12341363
A. V. Belousov, M. Treister
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Abstract

The paper is devoted to the cross-guard of the fragmentary dagger found in 1984 in the princely nomad burial near the village of Kosika in the Lower Volga area, belonging to the type of ceremonial daggers which were widespread in Eurasia in the 1st century BC-1st century AD and which became one of the insignia of power as testified by the finds in the princely nomadic burials and depictions on the royal figures on the stelae from Commagene. The dated (year 238) dotted inscription preserved on the gold overlay of the cross-guard found by one of the authors in 2015 and completely cleaned from the iron oxides in 2017 contains an indication of the craftsmen and the weight of gold, confirmed by the eklogistes, which means estimated on the highest state level. The inscription allows us to suggest, with high degree of probability, that the dagger may have been manufactured either as a tax payment of the corporation to the state or rather was ordered by a king to serve as a gift to an equal person. Moreover, the analysis of the inscription suggests that the object could have been made in Asia Minor, perhaps in Commagene, in 74 BC (that means the date falls in the Seleucid era), rather than in 59 BC, because the existence of the eklogistes in the Pontic Kingdom has not been confirmed by any documents. This date corresponds well to the archaeological date of the burial in Kosika to the early third quarter of the 1st century BC and the already published hypothesis, that the deceased could have been a participant of the Asia Minor campaign of the Bosporan King Pharnakes in 49-47 BC.
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下伏尔加地区科西卡村附近萨尔马提亚王子陵墓上刻有仪式匕首
本文致力于对1984年在下伏尔加地区科西卡村附近的游牧王子墓地发现的碎片匕首的交叉保护,属于公元前1世纪至公元1世纪在欧亚大陆广泛使用的仪式匕首,它成为权力的象征之一,这一点可以从王子游牧墓葬中的发现和Commagene石碑上王室人物的描绘中得到证实。其中一位作者于2015年发现并于2017年从氧化铁中完全清除的十字架护板镀金层上保存的日期为(238年)的虚线铭文包含工匠和黄金重量的指示,这一点得到了eklogistes的证实,这意味着在最高州级上进行了估计。铭文让我们很有可能表明,这把匕首可能是作为公司向国家纳税而制造的,或者是国王下令作为礼物送给平等的人。此外,对铭文的分析表明,这件物品可能是在公元前74年(这意味着日期落在塞琉古时代)的小亚细亚制造的,而不是在公元前59年,因为任何文件都没有证实在庞蒂克王国中埃克罗塞人的存在。这一日期与公元前1世纪第三季度初在科西卡埋葬的考古日期以及已经发表的假设非常吻合,即死者可能是公元前49-47年博斯普鲁斯王法尔纳克的小亚细亚战役的参与者。
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来源期刊
Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia
Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
0.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
8
期刊介绍: Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia is an international journal covering such topics as history, archaeology, numismatics, epigraphy, papyrology and the history of material culture. It discusses art and the history of science and technology, as applied to the Ancient World and relating to the territory of the former Soviet Union, to research undertaken by scholars of the former Soviet Union abroad and to materials in collections in the former Soviet Union. Particular emphasis is given to the Black Sea area, the Caucasus, Asia Minor, Siberia and Central Asia, and the littoral of the Indian Ocean.
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