The Manifestation Account of Evil

P. Schwind, Felix Timmermann
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Abstract

This article defends a novel definition of evil. An action is evil if (1) a pro-attitude (or complete indifference) towards severe harm to a sentient being is (2) manifested in the action. The manifestation can take either of two forms: expressing the pro-attitude or attempting to realize its object. In order to exclude cases where the pro-attitude is the result of a positive attitude and the action does therefore not count as evil, the pro-attitude (3) must be generated from a morally reprehensible attitude such as greed or sadistic pleasure. As an implication of this definition, not every evil action is extremely bad, and some ‘merely’ wrong acts might be worse than some evil acts.
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邪恶的显现
这篇文章为邪恶的新定义辩护。一个行为是邪恶的,如果(1)对一个有知觉的生物的严重伤害表现出赞成(或完全漠不关心)的态度(2)在这个行为中。这种表现可以采取两种形式:表达赞成态度或试图实现其目标。为了排除正面态度是正面态度的结果,因此该行为不被视为邪恶的情况,正面态度(3)必须产生于道德上应受谴责的态度,如贪婪或虐待狂式的快乐。作为这个定义的暗示,并不是每一个邪恶的行为都是非常坏的,一些“仅仅”错误的行为可能比一些邪恶的行为更糟糕。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
11
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