Diana Nolazco Cama, Elizabeth Villanueva-Quejia, Beatriz Hatta Sakoda, Lena Tellez Monzon
{"title":"Extracción y caracterización química del aceite esencial de Eucalipto obtenido por microondas y ultrasonido","authors":"Diana Nolazco Cama, Elizabeth Villanueva-Quejia, Beatriz Hatta Sakoda, Lena Tellez Monzon","doi":"10.18271/ria.2020.661","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"La extraccion por microondas libre de solventes y la asistencia con ultrasonido, como tecnologias emergentes ofrecen ventajas en la extraccion de aceites esenciales, siendo importante la investigacion del efecto sobre el rendimiento y la composicion del aceite esencial. Se evaluo la influencia de la humedad de las hojas y potencia de extraccion sobre el rendimiento del aceite esencial de eucalipto extraido por microondas libre de solventes, y una comparacion con la asistencia con ultrasonido. La extraccion se realizo por microondas a 300 y 600 watts, a 70, 80 y 90% de humedad en las hojas, seleccionando la potencia que evidencio mayor rendimiento del aceite esencial. Posteriormente, se evaluo el efecto del ultrasonido a 180 watts, 40kHz por 15 minutos sobre el rendimiento y la composicion quimica. Se identificaron los analitos obtenidos por ambos metodos de extraccion, mediante cromatografia de gases acoplado a un espectrometro de masas (CG-EM). El mayor rendimiento (0,55%) se obtuvo a 600 watts y 90% de humedad mediante microondas. La asistencia con ultrasonido incremento a 0,80% el rendimiento y 17 analitos adicionales en el aceite esencial. Se identifico como componente mayoritario al eucalipto l o 1,8-cineol, encontrado en 42,43% y 37,15% correspondiente a la extraccion con microondas libre de solventes y microondas con asistencia de ultrasonido. Palabras clave: aceite esencial; eucaliptol; 1,8 cineol; microondas libre de solventes; ultrasonido ABSTRACT The solvent-free microwave extraction and the ultrasound-assisted extraction, as emerging technologies, offer advantages in the essential oil extraction, being the research about the effect on the yield and chemical composition of the essential oil important. The influence of leaves moisture and extraction power on the yield of solvent-free microwave eucalyptus essential oil, and a comparison with the ultrasound-assisted extraction was evaluated. The extraction was done by microwaves at 300 and 600 watts, 70, 80 and 90% humidity in the leaves, selecting the power that shows the highest yield of the essential oil. Afterwards, the effect of ultrasound at 180 watts, 40 kHz per 15 minutes on the yield and chemical composition was evaluated. The analytes obtained by both extraction methods were identified, by gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The highest yield (0,55%) was obtained at 600 watts and 90% humidity by microwaves. The ultrasound-assisted extraction increased to 0,80% the yield and 17 analytes more in the essential oil. Eucalyptol or 1,8 cineol was identified as a major component, found in 42,43% and 37,15% corresponding to solvent- free microwave extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction. Key words: essential oil; eucalyptol; 1,8 cineol; solvent-free microwave; ultrasound.","PeriodicalId":41861,"journal":{"name":"Revista Investigaciones Altoandinas-Journal of High Andean Research","volume":"22 1","pages":"274-284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6000,"publicationDate":"2020-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"2","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Revista Investigaciones Altoandinas-Journal of High Andean Research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.18271/ria.2020.661","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Abstract
La extraccion por microondas libre de solventes y la asistencia con ultrasonido, como tecnologias emergentes ofrecen ventajas en la extraccion de aceites esenciales, siendo importante la investigacion del efecto sobre el rendimiento y la composicion del aceite esencial. Se evaluo la influencia de la humedad de las hojas y potencia de extraccion sobre el rendimiento del aceite esencial de eucalipto extraido por microondas libre de solventes, y una comparacion con la asistencia con ultrasonido. La extraccion se realizo por microondas a 300 y 600 watts, a 70, 80 y 90% de humedad en las hojas, seleccionando la potencia que evidencio mayor rendimiento del aceite esencial. Posteriormente, se evaluo el efecto del ultrasonido a 180 watts, 40kHz por 15 minutos sobre el rendimiento y la composicion quimica. Se identificaron los analitos obtenidos por ambos metodos de extraccion, mediante cromatografia de gases acoplado a un espectrometro de masas (CG-EM). El mayor rendimiento (0,55%) se obtuvo a 600 watts y 90% de humedad mediante microondas. La asistencia con ultrasonido incremento a 0,80% el rendimiento y 17 analitos adicionales en el aceite esencial. Se identifico como componente mayoritario al eucalipto l o 1,8-cineol, encontrado en 42,43% y 37,15% correspondiente a la extraccion con microondas libre de solventes y microondas con asistencia de ultrasonido. Palabras clave: aceite esencial; eucaliptol; 1,8 cineol; microondas libre de solventes; ultrasonido ABSTRACT The solvent-free microwave extraction and the ultrasound-assisted extraction, as emerging technologies, offer advantages in the essential oil extraction, being the research about the effect on the yield and chemical composition of the essential oil important. The influence of leaves moisture and extraction power on the yield of solvent-free microwave eucalyptus essential oil, and a comparison with the ultrasound-assisted extraction was evaluated. The extraction was done by microwaves at 300 and 600 watts, 70, 80 and 90% humidity in the leaves, selecting the power that shows the highest yield of the essential oil. Afterwards, the effect of ultrasound at 180 watts, 40 kHz per 15 minutes on the yield and chemical composition was evaluated. The analytes obtained by both extraction methods were identified, by gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The highest yield (0,55%) was obtained at 600 watts and 90% humidity by microwaves. The ultrasound-assisted extraction increased to 0,80% the yield and 17 analytes more in the essential oil. Eucalyptol or 1,8 cineol was identified as a major component, found in 42,43% and 37,15% corresponding to solvent- free microwave extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction. Key words: essential oil; eucalyptol; 1,8 cineol; solvent-free microwave; ultrasound.