Quality assessment of groundwater in an agricultural belt in eastern Nigeria using a Water Quality Index

IF 1.1 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY African Journal of Aquatic Science Pub Date : 2021-04-21 DOI:10.2989/16085914.2021.1882375
O. L. Alum, C. Okoye, H. O. Abugu
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引用次数: 4

Abstract

The physico-chemical and microbial analyses of fifteen hand-dug wells (HDWs) and six boreholes (BHs) in the Ezeagu and Uzo-uwani Local Governments Areas (LGAs) of Enugu State in south-eastern Nigeria were conducted to evaluate their water quality for potability. Samples were collected from 15 HDWs and 6 BHs. A total of 126 water samples were collected over two years covering the dry, early rainy and rainy seasons. There was a high correlation between electrical conductivity (EC) and the alkali and earth alkali metals at 95% confidence level as follows: EC and total dissolved solids (TDS) (r 2 = 0.904), EC and NO3− (r 2 = 0.520), EC and K+ (r 2 = 0.540) for hand-dug wells; EC and TDS (r 2 = 0.730), EC and Ca2+ (r 2 = 0.697), EC and Na+ (r 2 = 0.721), EC and Mg2+ (r 2 = 0.637), EC and Cl− (r 2 = 0.717) for boreholes. The Water Quality Index (WQI) was calculated using the weighted arithmetic index method. The WQI ranged from 58.26 ± 14.22 to 84.74 ± 3.03 and 48.70 ± 8.43 to 57.29 ± 5.81 for hand-dug well and borehole water samples, respectively. There were significant seasonal and spatial differences (p < 0.05) in some parameters, as well as high coliform bacteria counts, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and low dissolved oxygen (DO). The obtained WQI values indicate pollution levels that make this groundwater unsuitable for human drinking water.
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使用水质指数对尼日利亚东部农业带地下水的质量进行评估
对尼日利亚东南部埃努古州Ezeagu和Uzo-uwani地方政府区(LGAs)的15口手挖井(HDWs)和6口钻孔(BHs)进行了理化和微生物分析,以评估其饮用水质量。样本采集自15个hdw和6个BHs。在两年多的时间里,在旱季、早雨季和雨季共采集了126个水样。电导率(EC)与碱金属和土碱金属在95%置信水平上具有较高的相关性:手挖井电导率与总溶解固形物(TDS) (r 2 = 0.904)、电导率与NO3−(r 2 = 0.520)、电导率与K+ (r 2 = 0.540);钻孔EC与TDS (r 2 = 0.730)、EC与Ca2+ (r 2 = 0.697)、EC与Na+ (r 2 = 0.721)、EC与Mg2+ (r 2 = 0.637)、EC与Cl - (r 2 = 0.717)。采用加权指数法计算水质指数(WQI)。手挖井和钻孔水样的WQI分别为58.26±14.22 ~ 84.74±3.03和48.70±8.43 ~ 57.29±5.81。大肠菌群数量、生化需氧量(BOD)、化学需氧量(COD)和溶解氧(DO)在部分参数上存在显著的季节和空间差异(p < 0.05)。得到的WQI值表明该地下水的污染程度不适合人类饮用。
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来源期刊
African Journal of Aquatic Science
African Journal of Aquatic Science MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY-
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
7.10%
发文量
31
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The African Journal of Aquatic Science is an international journal devoted to the study of the aquatic sciences, covering all African inland and estuarine waters. The Journal publishes peer-reviewed original scientific papers and short articles in all the aquatic science fields including limnology, hydrobiology, ecology, conservation, biomonitoring, management, water quality, ecotoxicology, biological interactions, physical properties and human impacts on African aquatic systems.
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