Associations between COVID-19 Risk Perceptions and Mental Health, Wellbeing, and Risk Behaviours.

IF 2.4 4区管理学 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Journal of Risk Research Pub Date : 2022-12-02 Epub Date: 2022-11-12 DOI:10.1080/13669877.2022.2127849

Maddy L Dyer, Hannah M Sallis, Jasmine N Khouja, Sarah Dryhurst, Marcus R Munafò

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Abstract

Background: Mental health has worsened, and substance use has increased for some people during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Some cross-sectional studies suggest that higher COVID-19 risk perceptions are related to poorer mental health and greater risk behaviours (e.g., substance use). However, longitudinal and genetic data are needed to help to reduce the likelihood of reverse causality.

Methods: We used cross-sectional, longitudinal, and polygenic risk score (PRS; for anxiety, depression, wellbeing) data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). We examined cross-sectional and prospective longitudinal associations between COVID-19 risk perceptions (i.e., cognitive, affective, self, other, and a combined 'holistic' measure) and mental health (i.e., anxiety, depression), wellbeing, and risk behaviours. Pandemic (April-July 2020) and pre-pandemic (2003-2017) data (ns = 233-5,115) were included.

Results: Higher COVID-19 risk perceptions (holistic) were associated with anxiety (OR 2.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.20 to 3.52), depression (OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.24 to 2.18), low wellbeing (OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.45 to 2.13), and increased alcohol use (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.24 to 1.72). Higher COVID-19 risk perceptions were also associated with self-isolating given a suspected COVID-19 infection (OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.13 to 2.68), and less face-to-face contact (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.70 to 0.98) and physical contact (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.68 to 1.00). Pre-pandemic anxiety (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.29 to 2.09) and low wellbeing (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.74) were associated with higher COVID-19 risk perceptions. The depression PRS (b 0.21, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.40) and wellbeing PRS (b -0.29, 95% CI -0.48 to -0.09) were associated with higher and lower COVID-19 risk perceptions, respectively.

Conclusions: Poorer mental health and wellbeing are associated with higher COVID-19 risk perceptions, and longitudinal and genetic data suggest that they may play a causal role in COVID-19 risk perceptions.

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新冠肺炎风险认知与心理健康、幸福感和风险行为之间的关联

摘要在冠状病毒（新冠肺炎）大流行期间，一些人的心理健康状况恶化，药物使用增加。一些横断面研究表明，较高的新冠肺炎风险认知与较差的心理健康和较高的风险行为（如药物使用）有关。然而，需要纵向和遗传数据来帮助降低反向因果关系的可能性。我们使用了雅芳父母和儿童纵向研究（ALSPAC）的横断面、纵向和多基因风险评分（PRS；用于焦虑、抑郁和幸福感）数据。我们研究了新冠肺炎风险认知（即认知、情感、自我、其他和综合“整体”测量）与心理健康（即焦虑、抑郁）、幸福感和风险行为之间的横截面和前瞻性纵向关联。包括大流行（2020年4月至7月）和大流行前（2003年至2017年）的数据（ns=233-5115）。较高的新冠肺炎风险认知（整体）与焦虑（OR 2.78，95%置信区间[CI]2.20至3.52）、抑郁（OR 1.65，95%CI 1.24至2.18）、低幸福感（OR 1.76，95%CI 1.45至2.13）、，以及酒精使用增加（OR 1.46，95%CI 1.24至1.72）。在疑似新冠肺炎感染的情况下，较高的新冠肺炎风险认知也与自我安慰相关（OR 1.74，95%CI 1.13至2.68），面对面接触较少（OR 0.83，95%CI 0.70至0.98）和身体接触较少（OR0.83，95%CI 0.68至1.00）。流行前焦虑（OR 1.64，95%CI 1.29至2.09）和低幸福感（OR 1.41，95%CI 1.15至1.74）与较高的新冠肺炎风险认知相关。抑郁症PRS（b 0.21，95%CI 0.02至0.40）和幸福感PRS（b − 0.29，95%CI−0.48至−0.09）分别与较高和较低的新冠肺炎风险认知相关。心理健康和幸福感较差与新冠肺炎风险认知较高有关，纵向和遗传数据表明，它们可能在新冠肺炎风险认知中发挥因果作用。

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来源期刊

Journal of Risk Research SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY-

CiteScore

12.20

自引率

5.90%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Journal of Risk Research is an international journal that publishes peer-reviewed theoretical and empirical research articles within the risk field from the areas of social, physical and health sciences and engineering, as well as articles related to decision making, regulation and policy issues in all disciplines. Articles will be published in English. The main aims of the Journal of Risk Research are to stimulate intellectual debate, to promote better risk management practices and to contribute to the development of risk management methodologies. Journal of Risk Research is the official journal of the Society for Risk Analysis Europe and the Society for Risk Analysis Japan.