Flower Visitation by Bees, Wasps and Ants: Revealing How a Community of Flower-Visitors Establish Interaction Networks in a Botanical Garden

IF 0.7 4区 农林科学 Q4 ENTOMOLOGY Sociobiology Pub Date : 2022-12-28 DOI:10.13102/sociobiology.v69i4.7894
M. R. Menezes, B. F. S. Laviski, Adriano P. L. Dos Santos, Eder C. B. De França, Mariane S. Moreira, Ricardino Conceição-Neto, J. M. Queiroz
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Abstract

The Hymnoptera order includes several flower-visiting insects (e.g. ants, bees, and wasps) and the coexistence of many different species in the same community can generate interspecific competition. Notwithstanding shared communities, research which evaluates how these taxonomic groups influence a whole community of flower-visiting Hymenoptera is lacking. Moreover, abiotic factors can also impact these floral visits, because each organism responds differently to climatic variations. The goal of this study is to evaluate abiotic factors, specifically relative air humidity and air temperature, which may be able to impact the number and the frequency of interactions between hymenopterans and flowers and to assess the composition and niche organization, by making use of interaction networks, of the entire community of flower-visiting Hymenoptera at the botanical garden of the Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. For the duration of a year, we took samples in that botanical garden, compartmentalizing the collections temporally in accordance with the time of the insects’ shift (morning or afternoon). We observed a positive influence of air temperature on the number of ant interactions and visits. It is also possible to observe that most of these interaction networks exhibited a nested and non-modular pattern and an average level of network specialization. In addition, bees stood out as the species with the highest frequency of visits and with the most generalist behavior. This study demonstrates how a botanical garden can sustain a diverse community of floral visiting Hymenoptera in an urban environment and why it consists in an important tool for biodiversity conservation.
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蜜蜂、黄蜂和蚂蚁访花:揭示植物园中赏花群体如何建立互动网络
膜翅目包括几种访花昆虫(如蚂蚁、蜜蜂和黄蜂),同一群落中许多不同物种的共存会产生种间竞争。尽管有共同的群落,但评估这些分类类群如何影响整个访花膜翅目昆虫群落的研究还很缺乏。此外,非生物因素也可以影响这些花的访问,因为每种生物对气候变化的反应不同。本研究的目的是评估可能影响膜翅目昆虫与花相互作用数量和频率的非生物因素,特别是相对空气湿度和温度,并利用相互作用网络评估整个取花膜翅目昆虫群落的组成和生态位组织。在一年的时间里,我们在那个植物园里采集样本,并根据昆虫活动的时间(上午或下午)暂时划分了标本。我们观察到气温对蚂蚁的相互作用和访问次数有积极的影响。还可以观察到,这些交互网络中的大多数表现出嵌套和非模块化模式以及平均水平的网络专业化。此外,蜜蜂是访问频率最高、行为最多面手的物种。本研究展示了一个植物园如何在城市环境中维持一个多样化的访花膜翅目昆虫群落,以及为什么它是生物多样性保护的重要工具。
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来源期刊
Sociobiology
Sociobiology 生物-昆虫学
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
11.10%
发文量
28
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: SOCIOBIOLOGY publishes high quality articles that significantly contribute to the knowledge of Entomology, with emphasis on social insects. Articles previously submitted to other journals are not accepted. SOCIOBIOLOGY publishes original research papers and invited review articles on all aspects related to the biology, evolution and systematics of social and pre-social insects (Ants, Termites, Bees and Wasps). The journal is currently expanding its scope to incorporate the publication of articles dealing with other arthropods that exhibit sociality. Articles may cover a range of subjects such as ecology, ethology, morphology, population genetics, physiology, toxicology, reproduction, sociobiology, caste differentiation as well as economic impact and pest management.
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